Eighty years ago, the Red Army managed to stop, contain, and ultimately defeat the largest German army on the Eastern Front.

During World War II, Nazi authorities condemned millions of Eastern Europeans to forced labor as part of an aggressive campaign to conquer and establish a colony in Eastern Europe.

Russian President Vladimir Putin appeals to memories of the Soviet Union’s Great Patriotic War against Nazi Germany to justify his invasion of Ukraine.

During World War II, millions of Eastern Europeans were involuntarily deported to serve as forced laborers in Germany.

The Holocaust in Ukraine represents the first phase of the Holocaust in which an estimated 1.5 million Jews were shot to death at close range in ravines, open fields, and forests.
 

The Warsaw Uprising created a rift between Stalin and his Western Allies, which some historians argue anticipated  the Cold War. 

The German response to the Warsaw Uprising was characterized by ruthless terror and unrelenting bloodshed, which caused civilian support to drastically diminish.

Polish civilians played a critical role in the two-month long conflict in Warsaw.

This essay offers some ways of thinking about how to make sense of the complicated post-war moment through the case of Yugoslavia.

The Polish Home Army’s plan to launch a series of uprisings throughout Poland during the Soviet Union’s summer offensive in 1944 had important consequences for how the Warsaw Uprising unfolded.