John Fox was one of seven African Americans who had their earlier awards upgraded to the Medal of Honor on January 13, 1997. Like all but one of the veterans, he did not live to see this honor.

The Greek Civil War erupted in December 1944, pulling British forces into combat in Athens. Over the next five years this devastating conflict would shatter Greece and transform Europe.

The men of the Underwater Demolition Teams in the Pacific were born out of the necessity of the moment in World War II, and blasted their way from one island to another to help achieve American victory over Japan.

When President Franklin Roosevelt created the War Refugee Board in January 1944, he tasked this new government agency with rescuing and providing relief for Jews and other groups facing Nazi persecution and murder in Europe. By that time, more than five million European Jews had already been murdered. The War Refugee Board staff used creativity and the near-certainty of Allied victory to aid hundreds of thousands of people in the final seventeen months of World War II.

The Polish Home Army’s plan to launch a series of uprisings throughout Poland during the Soviet Union’s summer offensive in 1944 had important consequences for how the Warsaw Uprising unfolded.