The Holocaust in Ukraine represents the first phase of the Holocaust in which an estimated 1.5 million Jews were shot to death at close range in ravines, open fields, and forests.
 

The Nazis chose the serene setting for one of the most infamous meetings in world history, where they discussed their plans for the “Final Solution.”

The Warsaw Uprising created a rift between Stalin and his Western Allies, which some historians argue anticipated  the Cold War. 

The First Washington Conference, code-named ARCADIA, from December 22, 1941 to January 14, 1942, set the strategic direction for the Anglo-American war effort and established the Joint Chiefs of Staff.
 

Lieutenant Alexander R. Nininger received the first Medal of Honor of World War II. 
 

On January 1, 1942, 26 countries signed the Declaration of the United Nations and 21 more countries formally joined the alliance prior to the end of World War II.

Must-reads of 2021 picked by historians and scholars in the Institute for the Study of War and Democracy. 

An interview with Anthony Tucker-Jones, author of the newly released Churchill: Master and Commander.

The German response to the Warsaw Uprising was characterized by ruthless terror and unrelenting bloodshed, which caused civilian support to drastically diminish.

Robert O. Paxton’s work continues to educate the world about the history of Vichy France, the emergence of fascism, and the Holocaust in France.

Polish civilians played a critical role in the two-month long conflict in Warsaw.

The surveillance and detention of Italian Americans after Pearl Harbor is a little-known piece of WWII history.