WEBVTT
Kind: captions
Language: en

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-...are recorded.

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This will be available
to everybody who signed up,

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and I will be sending this
recording out via e-mail

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no later than tomorrow morning,

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so you can watch this
with additional classes

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or even if you have to leave
early, something like that.

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You'll have this available
and ready to use,

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and this will just be right
on YouTube.

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All right. So what you'll see
now, actually,

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is that our room is going
to transition a little bit.

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So give it a second
to load up here

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and just to give you
the lay of the land

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before we come on-camera,

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below, where it says,
"Camera," in that gray box,

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you'll see an area
that says "Q and A pod."

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We would love your questions
about this yearbook collection,

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and throughout the program,
you can type them in there.

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Once we're kind of done
with our major presentation,

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we're going to have a nice
Q and A session,

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and we'll answer those
questions coming through,

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so please put them
in there any time.

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Now, I guess,
without further ado,

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I'm going to turn
on the camera here,

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so you can see Collin and I.

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Hello, everybody.
-Hi, guys.

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-We're really excited to be

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closing out our webinar
schedule this year

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with this program
about a collection

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that is definitely
close to our hearts,

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especially Collin's,
here at the museum.

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We've been collecting yearbooks
for how many years?

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-We've been using yearbooks
for educational programming

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for a long time,

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but we first had the idea
to digitize these yearbooks

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and put them online
about 3 or 4 years ago,

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and the website where a lot of
these yearbooks are drawn from,

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I think, turned 3 this year.

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-Ooh.
-So 3 years old,

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it's a nice toddler
of a website, but no.

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They're really,
really fascinating,

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and we're really excited
to share them with you.

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-So that's what you'll be seeing
throughout the program today

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is kind of
our selection of yearbooks,

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especially as we look towards,
you know,

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what the end of the year
looks like for these students,

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so literally what you guys
are going through right now.

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Maybe you have a couple days
left of school,

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a few more weeks left of school
and anything in between.

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We're going to be looking at
that exact same time frame

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for students but in 1940.

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But actually, before we
get up to all of that,

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I thought, well, to put us all
on a level playing field here

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because we're going
to see a lot of

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probably a little slightly
embarrassing images

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from the 1940s,

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we actually thought
that we would show you

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our embarrassing
high school senior photos.

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So there's Collin and I way back
in the late '90s and 2000s...

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-Sure.
-...in our senior year.

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-And we'll talk about,
you know,

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what conclusions and assumptions

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you can draw from yearbook
photos and images,

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and I'm sure you can draw
several things from my attire

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in the late '90s,

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but we'll leave
the deep interpretation

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to the historical images

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and hopefully leave
our feelings intact.

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-Right. And who hasn't done
this pose before?

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I don't know.
-That was...looks great.

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The hair behind the ear,
for me, that's...

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-Yeah. So anyway...
-...no good.

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-There's our kind of
embarrassing confession

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or what have you to you all,

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and we just want you to think,
in the back of your heads,

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as we're analyzing these
yearbooks that are 70 years old,

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there will be people

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probably doing the same things
with your yearbooks.

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-With yours.
-So we're going to ask you

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at the end of the program

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what you think people
will be looking at from 2017.

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All right.

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So, of course, you know,
modern day, now,

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even you saw our late-'90s,

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you know, 2000s yearbook photos,

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and now we're all the way,
of course, in 2017.

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But we are really taking
a trip down memory lane

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and really going back
into the 1940s

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and, as I said, going on
a cross-country exploration.

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We're going to show you where
exactly, but before we do that,

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I thought, actually,
we could kind of all start off

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on kind of level
playing field here

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so we all know
what we're talking about.

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And so when we
analyze yearbooks,

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and some of these photos
that you see here on-screen,

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we'll be looking at
a little bit more in-depth.

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We just want to understand
what kind of sources

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we are actually looking at,

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and I know you've all probably
learned about this before,

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but again, let's just
kind of get it all out here.

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So first off, you all know
there's two kinds of sources

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that we spend a lot of time
analyzing in history,

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primary sources
and secondary sources.

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So primary sources, they are
original items or records

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that have survived from the past

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and were a direct experience
from a time or event.

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We deal with these a lot here
at the museum.

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They are at the heart
of our collection

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whether it's artifacts,

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and we've got big artifacts like
the C-47 and the Sherman tank,

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there, of course, lots of
propaganda here at the museum,

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hundreds of posters
in our collection,

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thousands of photographs,

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and, actually,
some of those are online,

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and we're happy
to share those resources

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with you at the end, too.

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We have a collection
of thousands of oral histories.

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Many of them are also digitized,

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so that's the firsthand
testimony for veterans or people

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who witnessed or experienced
events in World War II,

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and then also,

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we love all that kind of
personal material here,

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so journals,
letters, archival material,

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things like that,
and these are some things

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that you'll also probably use
in your history papers

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when you're doing research,

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but we won't also discount
the other major source,

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which is secondary sources.

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Now, they're also
important to us, too.

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They are accounts of the past
created by people

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without firsthand experience

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sometime after they happened,

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and so you probably think
of your textbooks

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and things like that.

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Even sometimes what,
you know, we create,

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and what we share about the war,

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you know,
comes from our voices here,

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and I know we showed you
our yearbook photos.

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We're not that old,
so anyway, so, yeah.

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Those are the two differences,

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and when we talk specifically
about yearbooks in this sense,

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yearbooks are going to be an
important primary source for us

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because,
especially when we look

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at how the war
affected people your age,

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and they create...

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They have lots of interesting
little bits

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and pieces of information

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inside of them
that help us piece together

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what was going on
at that school,

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in that town or community
and then, of course,

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across the country.

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So I thought, actually,
to start off today,

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give you guys a poll question.

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And you can -- This is actually
one of those poll questions

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where you type in your answer.

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You don't select one, and we
just want to know from you,

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what kinds of information do you
think you can learn from life

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during the war from a yearbook?

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-So, yeah, the idea of what
you think you might see

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or what type of things

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you might find
in these yearbooks

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that were put together
like yearbooks

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are today by teachers

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and probably, like, a yearbook
or an annual club or class

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and what type of events

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they thought would
be important to chronicle

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to show the life in the year --

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a year in the life of a student
during World War II.

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-Yeah, especially if any of you
are on, like,

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the yearbook team
at your school,

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you can even think about,
like, what did I use as,

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like, a yearbook editor
to put this all together.

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Like, what was important?
All right.

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And we'll let you, again,
since you have to type it in,

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we're making it a little bit
more challenging for you guys.

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-Sure.
-We'll give you a few more

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seconds here to answer,

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but you even saw a glimpse
of what this looked like.

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You know, we saw a few
early yearbook pictures

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as you guys were
waiting in that lobby.

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So let's just look at some
of these results now.

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Feel free to type some more in.

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I like the way that,
you know, society was,

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and I think that's probably
how people will look

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at our yearbooks

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from whatever year,
you know, you analyze.

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-Sure.
-And important aspects of life,

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which sports are
the most popular.

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Maybe we'll get into that
a little bit, too,

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and then we do enjoy looking at
clothing styles and hairstyles

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are pretty awesome
from the 1940s as well.

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-And it's definitely something
to think about, too,

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when looking at these
pre-1950s artifacts.

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The idea of a teenager
really didn't exist,

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of a young person
with a disposable income.

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So a lot of the fashions
we'll see, we'll see of students

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sort of wearing
cut-down versions

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of what their parents
would wear,

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so these students
may look a lot older,

00:08:00.801 --> 00:08:04.701
but they are students,
17, 18 years old.

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They just may look a lot older
because there weren't

00:08:06.100 --> 00:08:08.501
dedicated fashions
for young people back then.

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-The other thing I like
that someone put in here,

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their social lives.

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You'll see that these yearbooks,
and we'll look at some,

00:08:14.434 --> 00:08:16.834
are filled with signatures,

00:08:16.834 --> 00:08:19.667
and so you could see
relationships between people.

00:08:19.667 --> 00:08:20.934
I don't know.

00:08:20.934 --> 00:08:22.100
I can't remember if we
included these one...

00:08:22.100 --> 00:08:23.133
-I'm not sure, either.
-...but I'm thinking

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about that one lady
who she, like,

00:08:24.133 --> 00:08:25.267
circled everyone she dated

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and all of her best friends
in her yearbook.

00:08:27.434 --> 00:08:29.567
And so that's another
really great example.

00:08:29.567 --> 00:08:30.667
All right.

00:08:30.667 --> 00:08:32.267
You guys have some
really great ideas.

00:08:32.267 --> 00:08:35.334
Let's actually move on and show
you where we're actually

00:08:35.334 --> 00:08:36.801
going today,

00:08:36.801 --> 00:08:39.067
and so you can see we're hitting

00:08:39.067 --> 00:08:40.801
almost every region
of the United States

00:08:40.801 --> 00:08:43.334
and going even as far as Hawaii,
so these are the yearbooks

00:08:43.334 --> 00:08:44.601
in different regions
that we'll be...

00:08:44.601 --> 00:08:47.501
Collin will be kind of
guiding you through today.

00:08:47.501 --> 00:08:49.200
-Mm-hmm.
-So do you want to start...

00:08:49.200 --> 00:08:50.367
-Sure.
-...and let's start

00:08:50.367 --> 00:08:51.701
with our...

00:08:51.701 --> 00:08:53.200
Let's start with a practice,
actually, for you guys.

00:08:53.200 --> 00:08:54.400
-Right.
-So you want to explain what

00:08:54.400 --> 00:08:55.501
they're seeing on-screen?

00:08:55.501 --> 00:08:57.734
-Sure. Thanks, Chrissy.
Absolutely.

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So what you guys are seeing
on the screen now

00:08:59.467 --> 00:09:02.167
is a page from one
of the yearbooks

00:09:02.167 --> 00:09:04.734
that we have featured
on our yearbook collection,

00:09:04.734 --> 00:09:08.334
our digital learning project,
See You Next Year!

00:09:08.334 --> 00:09:10.234
High School Yearbooks
from World War II,

00:09:10.234 --> 00:09:14.367
and this is from the Prescott
High School or "Hassayamper."

00:09:14.367 --> 00:09:16.667
I believe I'm pronouncing
that right, from 1944,

00:09:16.667 --> 00:09:18.000
in Prescott, Arizona.

00:09:18.000 --> 00:09:20.934
So this is a page directly
from this primary source,

00:09:20.934 --> 00:09:23.367
and what we do a lot
at the museum here

00:09:23.367 --> 00:09:25.367
when looking at primary
and secondary sources

00:09:25.367 --> 00:09:28.234
and that we do with teachers and
students who interact with us

00:09:28.234 --> 00:09:30.567
is we talk a lot
about reading artifacts.

00:09:30.567 --> 00:09:33.801
So we're going to read this
artifact, and with this one,

00:09:33.801 --> 00:09:35.667
it can be in the literal sense.

00:09:35.667 --> 00:09:38.734
We'll look at what we can see
with our eye

00:09:38.734 --> 00:09:41.000
and what we can read as well,

00:09:41.000 --> 00:09:43.801
so the two images we see
at the top of this page

00:09:43.801 --> 00:09:45.400
from the yearbook are...

00:09:45.400 --> 00:09:48.367
They are two flags,

00:09:48.367 --> 00:09:52.234
and they're flags with stars
and numbers on them,

00:09:52.234 --> 00:09:56.234
and these are what are
called gold star flags.

00:09:56.234 --> 00:10:00.100
And obviously we can
associate gold stars

00:10:00.100 --> 00:10:05.167
with lots of things both
in-school and out-of-school,

00:10:05.167 --> 00:10:08.000
and so one of the things
that we want to address

00:10:08.000 --> 00:10:13.234
is items and terms
from the 1940s in America

00:10:13.234 --> 00:10:15.434
sometimes have vastly
different meanings

00:10:15.434 --> 00:10:18.133
than what we have today.

00:10:18.133 --> 00:10:20.367
So as sort of
a follow-up question

00:10:20.367 --> 00:10:23.033
to what Chrissy introduced,

00:10:23.033 --> 00:10:25.133
that poll question
of what we might see here

00:10:25.133 --> 00:10:26.634
in these yearbooks,

00:10:26.634 --> 00:10:31.234
I'm going to ask, seeing this
in a yearbook from World War II,

00:10:31.234 --> 00:10:34.033
a gold star flag,

00:10:34.033 --> 00:10:38.467
what do we think the gold star
on this flag might mean?

00:10:38.467 --> 00:10:40.767
What do you think
it might mean, again,

00:10:40.767 --> 00:10:43.834
focusing on this
is a wartime artifact

00:10:43.834 --> 00:10:45.767
and that this is a school

00:10:45.767 --> 00:10:48.467
that is chronicling
their students' experience

00:10:48.467 --> 00:10:49.801
living through World War II.

00:10:49.801 --> 00:10:53.934
What do we think a gold
star flag might mean?

00:10:53.934 --> 00:10:55.701
-And you can see
the poll question

00:10:55.701 --> 00:10:57.133
right below us
here on the camera.

00:10:57.133 --> 00:10:59.033
So, again, another type-in one.

00:10:59.033 --> 00:11:01.934
We're not making this easy
for you guys today, so...

00:11:01.934 --> 00:11:03.701
-This is going to be
your exit exam,

00:11:03.701 --> 00:11:07.567
your final exam
as you finish up

00:11:07.567 --> 00:11:08.801
the school year.
-Yeah.

00:11:08.801 --> 00:11:12.367
Use some extra brain cells
in your last maybe,

00:11:12.367 --> 00:11:14.734
you know, couple weeks
of school here.

00:11:14.734 --> 00:11:16.067
All right.

00:11:16.067 --> 00:11:17.734
So we'll give you
a little bit of time

00:11:17.734 --> 00:11:24.300
to read what this says
and see what you think.

00:11:24.300 --> 00:11:25.601
All right.

00:11:25.601 --> 00:11:28.434
We're getting some
interesting...Oh, okay.

00:11:28.434 --> 00:11:31.267
We're getting some
interesting results here.

00:11:31.267 --> 00:11:36.200
We will wait for a few more
to trickle in, but let's see.

00:11:36.200 --> 00:11:37.767
Hmm, hmm, hmm.

00:11:37.767 --> 00:11:39.934
All right.
I'm thinking...

00:11:39.934 --> 00:11:41.300
Oh, we've got
a lot of different ones.

00:11:41.300 --> 00:11:42.467
I kind of like it.

00:11:42.467 --> 00:11:43.868
I'm going to broadcast
what we have.

00:11:43.868 --> 00:11:46.801
Again, add what you want
after we broadcast.

00:11:46.801 --> 00:11:48.067
-Sure.

00:11:48.067 --> 00:11:50.334
-And you can see some
different interpretations,

00:11:50.334 --> 00:11:52.868
and it shows you
how a term, gold star,

00:11:52.868 --> 00:11:54.400
can mean a lot
of different things.

00:11:54.400 --> 00:11:56.067
When we say, like,
a gold-star school,

00:11:56.067 --> 00:11:58.234
that means, like, to me,
that would mean, like,

00:11:58.234 --> 00:12:00.367
"Oh, a school that
has high achievement."

00:12:00.367 --> 00:12:02.567
You get a gold star
for doing a good job.

00:12:02.567 --> 00:12:04.534
-Yeah.
-What does it mean here, Collin?

00:12:04.534 --> 00:12:08.367
-So in the terms
of World War II,

00:12:08.367 --> 00:12:10.934
these flags here that
we see, they're small.

00:12:10.934 --> 00:12:13.334
They're not things that you
would hang around a flagpole

00:12:13.334 --> 00:12:16.133
in front of your school
or your business or your home.

00:12:16.133 --> 00:12:18.968
These were more personal banners
that would be hung

00:12:18.968 --> 00:12:20.567
in the windows

00:12:20.567 --> 00:12:23.601
or shop fronts of folks

00:12:23.601 --> 00:12:27.367
who had loved ones or relatives
serving in World War II,

00:12:27.367 --> 00:12:29.200
and these are called
service flags,

00:12:29.200 --> 00:12:31.467
and there were two
different types,

00:12:31.467 --> 00:12:34.033
and I think some of
our groups have answered,

00:12:34.033 --> 00:12:35.601
are hitting right
on their meaning

00:12:35.601 --> 00:12:39.133
or very, very close
to it, at least.

00:12:39.133 --> 00:12:41.901
The service flags came
in two different colors.

00:12:41.901 --> 00:12:45.934
For every relative, son,
or brother, or father or uncle

00:12:45.934 --> 00:12:48.033
you had serving
in the Armed Forces,

00:12:48.033 --> 00:12:53.200
you would have a blue star
on a white field of a flag.

00:12:53.200 --> 00:12:57.133
This is a special type of flag
being displayed here

00:12:57.133 --> 00:13:01.133
by the students of Prescott
High who talk about...

00:13:01.133 --> 00:13:02.601
In the second paragraph,
it says,

00:13:02.601 --> 00:13:06.901
"The nine gold stars represent
former students of our school

00:13:06.901 --> 00:13:11.167
and people who, yes, they died,
but they didn't die in vain."

00:13:11.167 --> 00:13:14.834
So gold stars on service flags
would be changed to...

00:13:14.834 --> 00:13:17.667
Or, blue stars would be
changed to gold, rather,

00:13:17.667 --> 00:13:20.501
if a relative or a loved one,
or, in this case,

00:13:20.501 --> 00:13:22.634
a former classmate
had entered the Armed Forces

00:13:22.634 --> 00:13:26.000
and had passed away in service
either in combat

00:13:26.000 --> 00:13:27.534
or in training or other means.

00:13:27.534 --> 00:13:30.434
So a gold star, we think of it

00:13:30.434 --> 00:13:33.133
as something very, very positive
in today's age.

00:13:33.133 --> 00:13:34.534
-Mm-hmm.
-Back then, it was a way

00:13:34.534 --> 00:13:37.968
for students
to express their grief

00:13:37.968 --> 00:13:41.033
or to display that they had
members of their school,

00:13:41.033 --> 00:13:43.868
faculty or student body,
who were no longer with them,

00:13:43.868 --> 00:13:47.000
so something that today means
something completely different

00:13:47.000 --> 00:13:48.834
than what it did 70 years ago,

00:13:48.834 --> 00:13:50.534
and you guys did
great with that,

00:13:50.534 --> 00:13:53.934
got right to the heart of what
you thought it might mean,

00:13:53.934 --> 00:13:56.133
and we'll be doing more
of that as we go through.

00:13:56.133 --> 00:13:57.567
-So, yeah.
That's what this is all about.

00:13:57.567 --> 00:13:59.567
You could literally...I know
we have an hour with each other,

00:13:59.567 --> 00:14:01.367
so we're not going to do this,
but you could literally flip

00:14:01.367 --> 00:14:03.501
through every page
of these kinds of yearbooks

00:14:03.501 --> 00:14:05.801
and do an analysis just
as in-depth as we did.

00:14:05.801 --> 00:14:08.300
This is one page of the Prescott
High School yearbook,

00:14:08.300 --> 00:14:09.734
and so we're going to
actually start off

00:14:09.734 --> 00:14:11.501
with kind of that similar theme

00:14:11.501 --> 00:14:13.267
of talking about
the realities of war,

00:14:13.267 --> 00:14:14.534
losing friends,

00:14:14.534 --> 00:14:17.067
losing, you know,
former students,

00:14:17.067 --> 00:14:18.534
and a really great
yearbook to showcase

00:14:18.534 --> 00:14:22.334
this one is McKinley High
all the way in Honolulu, Hawaii.

00:14:22.334 --> 00:14:25.067
-So for those of you who know
your World War II history

00:14:25.067 --> 00:14:27.734
and the narrative
of World War II,

00:14:27.734 --> 00:14:29.400
America's involvement in the war

00:14:29.400 --> 00:14:32.133
started right here
in the territory of Hawaii.

00:14:32.133 --> 00:14:34.434
It wasn't even a state then.

00:14:34.434 --> 00:14:35.868
It was just a territory,

00:14:35.868 --> 00:14:38.334
and this is where
the Imperial Japanese Navy

00:14:38.334 --> 00:14:41.801
attacked the United States
at Pearl Harbor on December 7th,

00:14:41.801 --> 00:14:45.000
and this is a yearbook from 1944

00:14:45.000 --> 00:14:49.133
right in where the war began
for the United States.

00:14:49.133 --> 00:14:50.801
So in looking through
these yearbooks,

00:14:50.801 --> 00:14:53.801
you often see a lot
of similar things,

00:14:53.801 --> 00:14:55.934
very patriotic
or martial imagery.

00:14:55.934 --> 00:14:59.801
Here we see a mobilized
Lady Liberty,

00:14:59.801 --> 00:15:02.534
Statue of Liberty
with a huge American flag

00:15:02.534 --> 00:15:06.801
and what looks like maybe even
a tank or something below it,

00:15:06.801 --> 00:15:10.801
and then on the opposite facing,
students reading their yearbook,

00:15:10.801 --> 00:15:12.434
and the dedications saying,

00:15:12.434 --> 00:15:14.000
"Our world is going
through turmoil,

00:15:14.000 --> 00:15:17.033
change, and we have hope,
a transition to be followed

00:15:17.033 --> 00:15:20.567
by an age of real progress
and enlightenment."

00:15:20.567 --> 00:15:24.834
So young people, even in
this dark and chaotic time,

00:15:24.834 --> 00:15:27.501
expressing that they had
hope for the future

00:15:27.501 --> 00:15:29.868
and the war they
were going through

00:15:29.868 --> 00:15:34.334
would ultimately lead
to a more peaceful age.

00:15:34.334 --> 00:15:36.167
-But then there's also
the realities of war, you know,

00:15:36.167 --> 00:15:37.767
that they touch
on quite a bit,

00:15:37.767 --> 00:15:39.667
specifically in
this yearbook, too.

00:15:39.667 --> 00:15:42.834
-So talking about those
gold star flags

00:15:42.834 --> 00:15:45.100
or gold star students,

00:15:45.100 --> 00:15:47.200
this is another page
from McKinley yearbook,

00:15:47.200 --> 00:15:50.868
and this is showing
off the faces,

00:15:50.868 --> 00:15:54.801
names and short biographies
of former students at McKinley

00:15:54.801 --> 00:15:56.567
who have passed away in service,

00:15:56.567 --> 00:15:59.067
and if you notice
from their last names,

00:15:59.067 --> 00:16:03.934
the majority of students at
McKinley were Japanese-American,

00:16:03.934 --> 00:16:06.234
which we'll get
into the treatment

00:16:06.234 --> 00:16:07.634
of our
Japanese-American students

00:16:07.634 --> 00:16:10.734
and families on the mainland
U.S. a bit later,

00:16:10.734 --> 00:16:14.501
but people who may have been
viewed with skepticism

00:16:14.501 --> 00:16:17.033
or even fear that
they might be disloyal

00:16:17.033 --> 00:16:20.934
and more loyal to an
ancestral homeland in Japan,

00:16:20.934 --> 00:16:22.868
but students of
Japanese-American descent

00:16:22.868 --> 00:16:23.968
who volunteered to fight,

00:16:23.968 --> 00:16:25.767
and these are students
from McKinley

00:16:25.767 --> 00:16:28.901
who have passed away
in service in 1944.

00:16:31.934 --> 00:16:35.067
We often have yearbooks
today broken down

00:16:35.067 --> 00:16:37.667
in sort of a student
life calendar

00:16:37.667 --> 00:16:40.334
of what was happening
in the fall to the spring

00:16:40.334 --> 00:16:42.968
when yearbooks
traditionally come out.

00:16:42.968 --> 00:16:45.200
This shows directly
how students

00:16:45.200 --> 00:16:48.467
were getting involved
with the war effort.

00:16:48.467 --> 00:16:50.601
Even though students
were serving,

00:16:50.601 --> 00:16:54.067
there were many more who were
still back here at home,

00:16:54.067 --> 00:16:56.567
and the bottom picture
in the bottom corner

00:16:56.567 --> 00:17:01.334
actually speaks to a direct
action by these students.

00:17:01.334 --> 00:17:05.267
During World War II,
the purchasing of war bonds,

00:17:05.267 --> 00:17:07.734
war bond sales or war stamps

00:17:07.734 --> 00:17:10.200
was encouraged as a way
to help the United States

00:17:10.200 --> 00:17:11.968
raise money for its war effort,

00:17:11.968 --> 00:17:13.701
the idea being at
the end of the war,

00:17:13.701 --> 00:17:15.801
the United States would pay
back your loan with interest,

00:17:15.801 --> 00:17:19.567
so it was a patriotic way of you
helping out the war effort,

00:17:19.567 --> 00:17:22.467
even if you could only spend
a few cents here and there,

00:17:22.467 --> 00:17:23.968
and this is
an ambitious campaign

00:17:23.968 --> 00:17:25.634
where these students at McKinley

00:17:25.634 --> 00:17:28.334
actually raised
enough war bond funds

00:17:28.334 --> 00:17:29.801
to purchase a bomber.

00:17:29.801 --> 00:17:32.467
They purchased,
actually, a B-24...

00:17:32.467 --> 00:17:34.200
-Yeah, B-24 Madame Pele.

00:17:34.200 --> 00:17:38.901
-...a B-24 Madame Pele bomber
emblazoned

00:17:38.901 --> 00:17:42.200
with some Hawaiian nose art
for the war effort,

00:17:42.200 --> 00:17:43.601
which there's a lot
in these yearbooks

00:17:43.601 --> 00:17:47.634
where students purchase
Jeeps or tanks or planes

00:17:47.634 --> 00:17:49.501
or raising funds for Red Cross,

00:17:49.501 --> 00:17:51.934
the idea that even though there
were students who were fighting,

00:17:51.934 --> 00:17:53.200
the students who were
still at home

00:17:53.200 --> 00:17:55.234
were doing their best
to support the war effort,

00:17:55.234 --> 00:17:56.934
and we see this a lot
in these yearbooks as well.

00:17:56.934 --> 00:17:58.267
-If you think,
these students aren't...

00:17:58.267 --> 00:17:59.801
You know, you might have
a part-time job,

00:17:59.801 --> 00:18:01.267
but you're in school
most of the day,

00:18:01.267 --> 00:18:04.167
so using any of that extra
income from where they got it,

00:18:04.167 --> 00:18:06.501
like, whether it's something
in a younger sense

00:18:06.501 --> 00:18:07.801
like an allowance all the way

00:18:07.801 --> 00:18:10.067
to maybe something
from your summer job

00:18:10.067 --> 00:18:12.767
or your part-time job going
towards something like this,

00:18:12.767 --> 00:18:14.000
like buying a bomber.

00:18:14.000 --> 00:18:16.200
-And it's...well,
today we have a --

00:18:16.200 --> 00:18:19.000
It's a strictly volunteer army.

00:18:19.000 --> 00:18:21.434
This was an army that was being
raised of both volunteers

00:18:21.434 --> 00:18:24.467
and people who were being
drafted or conscripted,

00:18:24.467 --> 00:18:25.868
and it was an army
that, you know,

00:18:25.868 --> 00:18:28.567
eventually reached the size
of 16 million people,

00:18:28.567 --> 00:18:31.334
so almost everyone
had a friend, a relative,

00:18:31.334 --> 00:18:34.234
a loved one who was
serving somewhere,

00:18:34.234 --> 00:18:36.300
so the idea of helping
out the war effort,

00:18:36.300 --> 00:18:38.200
it wasn't this abstract idea.

00:18:38.200 --> 00:18:39.467
It was very personal.

00:18:39.467 --> 00:18:42.167
You were supporting your
classmate, or your brother,

00:18:42.167 --> 00:18:44.434
or your next-door neighbor,
or your boss,

00:18:44.434 --> 00:18:46.901
or your uncle or father,

00:18:46.901 --> 00:18:50.567
so students were very,
very much encouraged

00:18:50.567 --> 00:18:52.000
and very, very willing
to participate

00:18:52.000 --> 00:18:54.968
in fundraising campaigns
like this.

00:18:54.968 --> 00:18:56.200
-Yeah, and they raised a lot,

00:18:56.200 --> 00:18:57.701
and you'll see that
in these yearbooks.

00:18:57.701 --> 00:18:59.667
We're going to turn to another
one to kind of continue

00:18:59.667 --> 00:19:01.534
to talk about
or see a common theme

00:19:01.534 --> 00:19:03.601
that we've already
actually seen,

00:19:03.601 --> 00:19:04.934
and that is the gold star.

00:19:04.934 --> 00:19:06.968
So you'll see as you flip
through this collection,

00:19:06.968 --> 00:19:11.767
this is a common term
for what we just saw.

00:19:11.767 --> 00:19:14.567
-So this is a yearbook --
So we left the West Coast.

00:19:14.567 --> 00:19:15.734
-All the way to New York.

00:19:15.734 --> 00:19:17.334
-This is a yearbook
from Kenmore.

00:19:17.334 --> 00:19:19.834
Believe it's in upstate
New York,

00:19:19.834 --> 00:19:24.100
and here we see two terms
that we've already spoken about

00:19:24.100 --> 00:19:25.968
but had very different meanings
between now and then.

00:19:25.968 --> 00:19:27.334
-Mm-hmm.
-Gold star, we've already

00:19:27.334 --> 00:19:28.734
talked about what that means,

00:19:28.734 --> 00:19:32.601
but even the term now that
we still use, an honor roll,

00:19:32.601 --> 00:19:35.667
where today we use that
for students who are...

00:19:35.667 --> 00:19:37.300
-Academic achievement.

00:19:37.300 --> 00:19:41.334
-...academic achievements,
have gotten a high enough GPA,

00:19:41.334 --> 00:19:42.767
but there, they used it again

00:19:42.767 --> 00:19:45.133
to show students
who were in service

00:19:45.133 --> 00:19:50.567
or who were serving
or who passed away in service,

00:19:50.567 --> 00:19:52.467
and even things like
the student council,

00:19:52.467 --> 00:19:54.400
we have those
in most of our junior

00:19:54.400 --> 00:19:56.000
and middle and high schools,

00:19:56.000 --> 00:19:57.868
a student government
where students can learn

00:19:57.868 --> 00:19:59.501
about the democratic process

00:19:59.501 --> 00:20:03.634
and make choices and
decisions for their class.

00:20:03.634 --> 00:20:08.501
We see the student council from
Kenmore to the right, there,

00:20:08.501 --> 00:20:12.467
and just to show how the war
really purveyed in everything,

00:20:12.467 --> 00:20:16.567
we see a picture of the big
three behind these students.

00:20:16.567 --> 00:20:18.634
We see
Franklin Delano Roosevelt,

00:20:18.634 --> 00:20:20.434
the president of
the United States at that time,

00:20:20.434 --> 00:20:22.901
in the center,
flanked by Winston Churchill,

00:20:22.901 --> 00:20:25.567
prime minister of the United
Kingdom, of Great Britain,

00:20:25.567 --> 00:20:28.567
and something that probably
would not happen today,

00:20:28.567 --> 00:20:32.801
a picture of Joseph Stalin,
the leader of the Soviet Union,

00:20:32.801 --> 00:20:34.601
a man who, in postwar,

00:20:34.601 --> 00:20:37.601
would be vilified as a brutal,

00:20:37.601 --> 00:20:40.534
brutal dictator and totalitarian
in his own right,

00:20:40.534 --> 00:20:43.667
but here he's one of the allies
at least at this point,

00:20:43.667 --> 00:20:46.501
so we see him
on the wall as well.

00:20:46.501 --> 00:20:47.701
-All right.
Now we're going to kind of

00:20:47.701 --> 00:20:49.801
get into the meat
of our program here today

00:20:49.801 --> 00:20:51.701
because, as I said,
we really wanted to focus

00:20:51.701 --> 00:20:53.100
this on talking about,

00:20:53.100 --> 00:20:55.868
you know, the idea
of summer approaching

00:20:55.868 --> 00:20:57.834
and the school year
coming to a close,

00:20:57.834 --> 00:21:00.601
and I want to start off
with a poll question

00:21:00.601 --> 00:21:02.934
as we then will dig in,
and we'll see a lot of this.

00:21:02.934 --> 00:21:04.834
Now, this is an easier one
for you all.

00:21:04.834 --> 00:21:06.467
I'm going to make it
a little bigger.

00:21:06.467 --> 00:21:09.367
Talking about what you think
the path of many students...

00:21:09.367 --> 00:21:12.267
What was it after
they graduated?

00:21:12.267 --> 00:21:13.934
And we maybe have touched
on this a little bit

00:21:13.934 --> 00:21:16.934
in maybe some of the gold star
and honor rolls that we've seen,

00:21:16.934 --> 00:21:19.400
but there are a lot
of choices out there.

00:21:19.400 --> 00:21:21.300
There are a lot of choices
for students today,

00:21:21.300 --> 00:21:24.534
and, of course, there's
a lot of choices back then, too,

00:21:24.534 --> 00:21:25.868
of what you could do.

00:21:25.868 --> 00:21:30.868
-And we'll talk about, as well,
about how the education,

00:21:30.868 --> 00:21:33.467
like everything else,
was affected by World War II

00:21:33.467 --> 00:21:37.033
and how even rites of
passage like graduation

00:21:37.033 --> 00:21:40.400
and when commencements
would take place would change

00:21:40.400 --> 00:21:43.033
and would be accelerated
to meet the needs

00:21:43.033 --> 00:21:46.033
for manpower during the war.

00:21:46.033 --> 00:21:47.734
-All right.
So this is kind of a toughie

00:21:47.734 --> 00:21:50.934
because I think
really all of these

00:21:50.934 --> 00:21:53.701
are legitimate choices
and future paths

00:21:53.701 --> 00:21:57.434
for these
almost-graduates, right?

00:21:57.434 --> 00:21:58.634
-Absolutely.
Mm-hmm.

00:21:58.634 --> 00:22:00.567
-Joining the military,
they're enlisting.

00:22:00.567 --> 00:22:02.634
Many students did that,
and some did it even

00:22:02.634 --> 00:22:06.667
before they graduated at age 17
with their parents' consent.

00:22:06.667 --> 00:22:08.100
-Right.
-But also, yeah.

00:22:08.100 --> 00:22:11.167
The prospect of getting a job,
working in defense factories

00:22:11.167 --> 00:22:15.100
or working in any way
to support the war effort,

00:22:15.100 --> 00:22:17.601
and the opportunities to go
on to higher education

00:22:17.601 --> 00:22:19.434
or kind of related
to getting a job,

00:22:19.434 --> 00:22:22.567
even additional training
in a specific sort of trade

00:22:22.567 --> 00:22:25.868
or craft or industry, so those
are all kind of similar.

00:22:25.868 --> 00:22:28.467
So I think these were all on
the table for these students

00:22:28.467 --> 00:22:30.868
as they figured out what
their future was going to be.

00:22:30.868 --> 00:22:32.400
-Absolutely, and for --

00:22:32.400 --> 00:22:38.200
and speaking to boys
and young men in the room,

00:22:38.200 --> 00:22:39.534
this, World War II,

00:22:39.534 --> 00:22:42.734
this obviously was an all-male
military, so it was...

00:22:42.734 --> 00:22:45.834
obviously, the U.S. military
had a great need for manpower,

00:22:45.834 --> 00:22:48.634
so it was made very,
very attractive

00:22:48.634 --> 00:22:52.167
with some of the promises
of what they could come home to,

00:22:52.167 --> 00:22:54.467
be it promises of
future education,

00:22:54.467 --> 00:22:57.801
being able to afford
a home or to go to school

00:22:57.801 --> 00:23:00.567
was meant to encourage
folks to enlist

00:23:00.567 --> 00:23:02.934
or to consider paths

00:23:02.934 --> 00:23:05.234
that would put them
into the military faster,

00:23:05.234 --> 00:23:08.501
and education on the whole
was militarized.

00:23:08.501 --> 00:23:11.133
You would learn about math
or world geography

00:23:11.133 --> 00:23:12.601
through the lens
of World War II.

00:23:12.601 --> 00:23:13.868
You would learn about geography

00:23:13.868 --> 00:23:17.100
as where the war was
happening around the world.

00:23:17.100 --> 00:23:18.534
-Mm-hmm.
-Or you might learn math

00:23:18.534 --> 00:23:21.167
by doing calculations
about wind speed

00:23:21.167 --> 00:23:25.601
or things that related
to aerial combat

00:23:25.601 --> 00:23:28.801
or what's the load-bearing
weight on this bridge

00:23:28.801 --> 00:23:30.400
that you're trying to
build across this river.

00:23:30.400 --> 00:23:33.801
So word problems
and essay questions,

00:23:33.801 --> 00:23:35.367
it might be a bit
different than today.

00:23:35.367 --> 00:23:37.467
-Yeah.
That's for sure.

00:23:37.467 --> 00:23:40.234
So to kind of kick off
our analysis

00:23:40.234 --> 00:23:41.901
in looking at these kind
of spring rites

00:23:41.901 --> 00:23:43.601
of passage,
well, at least for us,

00:23:43.601 --> 00:23:45.767
I would see it as
a springtime tradition,

00:23:45.767 --> 00:23:47.000
but for some of these schools,

00:23:47.000 --> 00:23:48.934
you'll see it's throughout
the entire year.

00:23:48.934 --> 00:23:50.167
-Mm-hmm.
-We're going to kick it off,

00:23:50.167 --> 00:23:52.701
though, with a yearbook
that we analyzed

00:23:52.701 --> 00:23:54.267
quite a bit here at the museum,

00:23:54.267 --> 00:23:57.167
and it's from Topeka High
School in Kansas

00:23:57.167 --> 00:23:59.367
and their 1944, kind of right
in the midst of the war,

00:23:59.367 --> 00:24:00.767
yearbook called the "Sunflower,"

00:24:00.767 --> 00:24:03.400
and we're going to
kick off with something

00:24:03.400 --> 00:24:06.133
that happens at most
high schools, if not all.

00:24:06.133 --> 00:24:09.634
Of course, there we see
the senior class,

00:24:09.634 --> 00:24:10.501
that senior class photo.

00:24:10.501 --> 00:24:12.434
None of this or any...

00:24:12.434 --> 00:24:13.701
They don't look as goofy
as we do, but...

00:24:13.701 --> 00:24:14.934
-No, no.

00:24:14.934 --> 00:24:16.400
They're much more posed
and much more serious.

00:24:16.400 --> 00:24:19.000
It seems to be
the predominate pose

00:24:19.000 --> 00:24:21.067
is sort of a head tilt.

00:24:21.067 --> 00:24:24.234
That seems to be what the most
of them were going for there.

00:24:24.234 --> 00:24:27.167
-And of course we're going
to talk about prom.

00:24:27.167 --> 00:24:29.234
How could we not
at this time of year?

00:24:29.234 --> 00:24:33.534
-So again, guys, reading these
as artifacts like we're doing,

00:24:33.534 --> 00:24:35.767
you guys are doing what
professional historians

00:24:35.767 --> 00:24:37.501
do for a living.

00:24:37.501 --> 00:24:41.701
We see here, analyzing both
the pictures and the text,

00:24:41.701 --> 00:24:43.033
it's spelled out very clearly.

00:24:43.033 --> 00:24:46.000
We have prom royalty,
King Bill Wall

00:24:46.000 --> 00:24:49.567
and Queen Mary Lewis
done up in their finery,

00:24:49.567 --> 00:24:52.133
tuxedo and lovely gown

00:24:52.133 --> 00:24:55.300
with a biography
on the two pages as well.

00:24:55.300 --> 00:24:56.767
But we're going to see

00:24:56.767 --> 00:24:59.968
that there is another set
of prom royalty as well

00:24:59.968 --> 00:25:01.234
on the next page.

00:25:01.234 --> 00:25:04.567
So during World War II
in the United States,

00:25:04.567 --> 00:25:08.033
not everything
was a perfect society.

00:25:08.033 --> 00:25:09.934
A perfect society doesn't exist,

00:25:09.934 --> 00:25:14.033
but hopefully we're making
our improvements

00:25:14.033 --> 00:25:16.534
as we go on
and grow as a country.

00:25:16.534 --> 00:25:19.000
So we have two sets
of prom royalty.

00:25:19.000 --> 00:25:21.901
We have our white
king and queen,

00:25:21.901 --> 00:25:24.501
and we have our
African-American king and queen,

00:25:24.501 --> 00:25:26.534
King Lloyd and Queen Barbara.

00:25:26.534 --> 00:25:28.801
We notice they share
a single page.

00:25:28.801 --> 00:25:32.334
It's just their first names,
not their surnames,

00:25:32.334 --> 00:25:34.801
and so this is due to the fact

00:25:34.801 --> 00:25:38.200
that in large parts of
the country during World War II,

00:25:38.200 --> 00:25:40.968
even while we're fighting
against the forces of racism

00:25:40.968 --> 00:25:42.434
and fascism abroad,

00:25:42.434 --> 00:25:45.234
segregation was still
widely considered

00:25:45.234 --> 00:25:50.467
legal and appropriate throughout
many schools and businesses

00:25:50.467 --> 00:25:52.767
and other organizations
throughout the country.

00:25:52.767 --> 00:25:56.434
So this yearbook we used
because it really puts it

00:25:56.434 --> 00:26:00.934
in stark terms of this false
idea of separate but equal.

00:26:00.934 --> 00:26:03.334
These folks get one last page,

00:26:03.334 --> 00:26:06.868
and they don't even get
their last names in the paper,

00:26:06.868 --> 00:26:08.000
and this school,
it's interesting.

00:26:08.000 --> 00:26:09.701
It was academically integrated.

00:26:09.701 --> 00:26:12.467
That is, there were racially
integrated classes,

00:26:12.467 --> 00:26:15.834
but for all activities
like sports or prom,

00:26:15.834 --> 00:26:18.701
it was kept racially
segregated, so, again,

00:26:18.701 --> 00:26:21.634
United States had work to do
on cleaning up its own house,

00:26:21.634 --> 00:26:23.968
and World War II
helped accelerate

00:26:23.968 --> 00:26:25.200
the process of kicking off

00:26:25.200 --> 00:26:27.067
things like
the Civil Rights Movement,

00:26:27.067 --> 00:26:28.834
the equal rights for women

00:26:28.834 --> 00:26:30.734
and other important
civil rights achievements.

00:26:30.734 --> 00:26:33.133
-And Topeka would actually
become a critical place for that

00:26:33.133 --> 00:26:35.567
when we talk about
the Civil Rights Movement

00:26:35.567 --> 00:26:37.267
in Brown Versus Board
of Education...

00:26:37.267 --> 00:26:38.534
-Yup.
Yeah, right there.

00:26:38.534 --> 00:26:40.767
-...centered around,
you know, Topeka, Kansas.

00:26:40.767 --> 00:26:42.601
So kind of interesting to see

00:26:42.601 --> 00:26:45.200
what that looks like,
you know, a little...

00:26:45.200 --> 00:26:47.434
a decade previous to that,
a little more than a decade.

00:26:47.434 --> 00:26:49.267
-Mm-hmm.
-And then we're going to turn --

00:26:49.267 --> 00:26:50.701
So we have Kansas.

00:26:50.701 --> 00:26:52.200
Now we're going to go further
west to go to Sioux Falls,

00:26:52.200 --> 00:26:55.467
or excuse me, just go and stay
in our Midwest area

00:26:55.467 --> 00:26:57.467
and go to Sioux Falls,
South Dakota,

00:26:57.467 --> 00:27:00.234
and go to Washington High School

00:27:00.234 --> 00:27:02.834
and their 1943
war-year yearbook,

00:27:02.834 --> 00:27:06.501
and we're going to continue with
that royalty beauty shots here.

00:27:06.501 --> 00:27:07.667
-Mm-hmm.

00:27:07.667 --> 00:27:09.801
So it's important
to understand, too,

00:27:09.801 --> 00:27:14.501
that even though the war
was really subsumed

00:27:14.501 --> 00:27:20.100
all aspect of American society
during this time,

00:27:20.100 --> 00:27:22.501
young people still
wanted the things

00:27:22.501 --> 00:27:24.300
that they perceived as normal.

00:27:24.300 --> 00:27:26.601
They wanted some
degree of normalcy,

00:27:26.601 --> 00:27:29.367
and they wanted things that
they had expected in the past

00:27:29.367 --> 00:27:30.767
before the war started.

00:27:30.767 --> 00:27:33.634
It's like, "I want to be
prom king or prom queen,"

00:27:33.634 --> 00:27:35.100
so you see in a lot
of these yearbooks,

00:27:35.100 --> 00:27:38.567
they do address the war,
but students still had vibrant,

00:27:38.567 --> 00:27:40.234
separate student lives,

00:27:40.234 --> 00:27:42.501
and we see here,
in these really,

00:27:42.501 --> 00:27:46.901
really high-fashion shots
of the queen

00:27:46.901 --> 00:27:51.067
and her court and attendants
in this yearbook,

00:27:51.067 --> 00:27:54.901
that students wanted
some normalcy to hang onto.

00:27:54.901 --> 00:27:57.734
Yes, they were fine with
contributing to the war effort,

00:27:57.734 --> 00:28:00.667
but they wanted some chance
to be what they were,

00:28:00.667 --> 00:28:02.868
which was young kids.

00:28:02.868 --> 00:28:05.868
So they needed something
to cling onto during the war,

00:28:05.868 --> 00:28:08.634
and this yearbook illustrates
that very, very well,

00:28:08.634 --> 00:28:11.267
saying that they can
be both patriotic

00:28:11.267 --> 00:28:16.300
and still have social lives
to experience at the same time.

00:28:16.300 --> 00:28:19.133
-And prom is, you know, one of
those things that endures from,

00:28:19.133 --> 00:28:21.501
you know, during these
times of conflict,

00:28:21.501 --> 00:28:24.033
you know, all the way to today
and previous to this.

00:28:24.033 --> 00:28:25.267
-Mm-hmm.
-All right.

00:28:25.267 --> 00:28:26.734
And then we're going to
just turn quickly now.

00:28:26.734 --> 00:28:28.767
Again, I'm just staying here
in the Midwest,

00:28:28.767 --> 00:28:32.467
and go to Chicago
to Schurz High School,

00:28:32.467 --> 00:28:34.133
which is one of our more
interesting yearbooks

00:28:34.133 --> 00:28:36.601
because there are
a few colorized pages

00:28:36.601 --> 00:28:38.400
like this one that you see here,

00:28:38.400 --> 00:28:41.400
and that really doesn't happen
that often in 1940s yearbooks,

00:28:41.400 --> 00:28:42.634
so...

00:28:42.634 --> 00:28:45.200
-No, and we see a lot
with yearbooks as well.

00:28:45.200 --> 00:28:48.868
I think some of you put
in your first response

00:28:48.868 --> 00:28:51.300
that what type of information
you could see from yearbooks

00:28:51.300 --> 00:28:54.701
or learn from them
about how the society was or,

00:28:54.701 --> 00:28:57.033
you know, I think somebody
even mentioned the budget

00:28:57.033 --> 00:28:58.501
that the yearbooks
or schools might have,

00:28:58.501 --> 00:29:00.667
and that's absolutely correct.

00:29:00.667 --> 00:29:04.200
From some of these yearbooks,
we'll see they're very slim,

00:29:04.200 --> 00:29:07.033
or there may not be that
many photographs at all.

00:29:07.033 --> 00:29:11.767
Certainly this yearbook from
Schurz High School in Chicago

00:29:11.767 --> 00:29:13.501
is an outlier.

00:29:13.501 --> 00:29:16.667
This has, you know,
beautiful full-color pages,

00:29:16.667 --> 00:29:18.200
and it was a very,
very affluent school.

00:29:18.200 --> 00:29:21.334
The school is still
standing in Chicago.

00:29:21.334 --> 00:29:24.701
It's sort of a historic landmark
now, more than a school,

00:29:24.701 --> 00:29:26.968
but it shows one type
of environment

00:29:26.968 --> 00:29:30.067
the students could go to school
in with beautiful landscaping,

00:29:30.067 --> 00:29:32.067
a nice --
what looks like a slate roof

00:29:32.067 --> 00:29:34.501
and really an impressive facade

00:29:34.501 --> 00:29:37.400
at this very, very
affluent school.

00:29:37.400 --> 00:29:38.934
So we're going to
look at this one.

00:29:38.934 --> 00:29:41.133
-Get that in your head.
-Keep that in your mind,

00:29:41.133 --> 00:29:42.667
in your mind's eye
as we look at...

00:29:42.667 --> 00:29:45.434
-And then we're going to go
to our next high school,

00:29:45.434 --> 00:29:48.601
Topaz High School,
which is in an itty-bitty place,

00:29:48.601 --> 00:29:49.968
Delta, Utah,

00:29:49.968 --> 00:29:53.467
and their 1945 yearbook,
so the conclusion of the war.

00:29:53.467 --> 00:29:57.100
Let's see where these
students go to school.

00:29:57.100 --> 00:30:04.934
-So we're in a small hamlet,
really, more than a town

00:30:04.934 --> 00:30:09.701
at this high school in Topaz,

00:30:09.701 --> 00:30:11.801
and we see here
some great signatures.

00:30:11.801 --> 00:30:14.701
Those are always a lot of fun
especially with students today.

00:30:14.701 --> 00:30:18.868
Some people have classes still
where they learn cursive script.

00:30:18.868 --> 00:30:20.467
Some don't, so we always like

00:30:20.467 --> 00:30:21.868
to see students
pondering over them.

00:30:21.868 --> 00:30:24.133
-Try to interpret, yeah,
what you see on-screen there,

00:30:24.133 --> 00:30:26.100
so there's this one layer of it.

00:30:26.100 --> 00:30:27.267
What's the next layer?

00:30:27.267 --> 00:30:29.901
-Sure, and beneath the layer
of that, we see,

00:30:29.901 --> 00:30:32.133
as opposed to
the Schurz High School,

00:30:32.133 --> 00:30:34.801
we don't see any
lovely landscaping.

00:30:34.801 --> 00:30:39.567
We don't see any slate roofs
or inspiring facades.

00:30:39.567 --> 00:30:45.868
We see some long
tar-paper shacks,

00:30:45.868 --> 00:30:48.267
barracks-style buildings,

00:30:48.267 --> 00:30:50.434
and this is another experience

00:30:50.434 --> 00:30:53.000
that some students

00:30:53.000 --> 00:30:55.067
had during World War II.

00:30:55.067 --> 00:31:00.667
This is one of the, called
officially, relocation centers,

00:31:00.667 --> 00:31:02.868
but this is a Japanese
internment camp,

00:31:02.868 --> 00:31:05.167
a Japanese-American
internment camp,

00:31:05.167 --> 00:31:08.634
which, after the attack
on Pearl Harbor,

00:31:08.634 --> 00:31:10.234
Franklin Roosevelt,
the president,

00:31:10.234 --> 00:31:14.000
signed Executive Order 9066

00:31:14.000 --> 00:31:17.634
which called for the forcible
removal of Japanese-Americans

00:31:17.634 --> 00:31:19.968
and those of
Japanese-American descent

00:31:19.968 --> 00:31:22.501
into relocation centers

00:31:22.501 --> 00:31:25.300
or incarceration
or internment centers

00:31:25.300 --> 00:31:26.667
further inland,

00:31:26.667 --> 00:31:28.734
away from the west coast
where it was thought

00:31:28.734 --> 00:31:32.234
they would be spies
or saboteurs.

00:31:32.234 --> 00:31:36.501
So talking about normalcy which
we saw students try to re-create

00:31:36.501 --> 00:31:38.667
in that Sioux Falls yearbook,

00:31:38.667 --> 00:31:40.200
these students
put together a yearbook

00:31:40.200 --> 00:31:45.133
in perhaps the most abnormal
environment during World War II,

00:31:45.133 --> 00:31:47.701
congregated together,
removed from their homes,

00:31:47.701 --> 00:31:48.801
held behind...

00:31:48.801 --> 00:31:51.100
-And their former
school, too, so...

00:31:51.100 --> 00:31:54.200
-...their...Yeah, exactly,
and behind barbed wire,

00:31:54.200 --> 00:31:56.367
kept under guard,
not allowed to leave,

00:31:56.367 --> 00:31:57.667
but trying to create

00:31:57.667 --> 00:32:00.434
some normalcy
of student life in this.

00:32:00.434 --> 00:32:03.434
So this is a yearbook
that actually came out of one

00:32:03.434 --> 00:32:05.667
of these Japanese-American
internment centers.

00:32:05.667 --> 00:32:08.367
This one is not
on our website yet,

00:32:08.367 --> 00:32:11.734
so we wanted to share
a few samples from it

00:32:11.734 --> 00:32:14.467
because it's a real,
real rich resource.

00:32:14.467 --> 00:32:17.067
-And you can see, I think, too,
trends of, like,

00:32:17.067 --> 00:32:20.100
trying to live the normal life
as best as you can,

00:32:20.100 --> 00:32:22.100
so there's bits and pieces
of this yearbook

00:32:22.100 --> 00:32:23.234
that are in other yearbooks

00:32:23.234 --> 00:32:25.033
that are not obviously
inside of,

00:32:25.033 --> 00:32:28.367
you know, internment camps
like senior wills.

00:32:28.367 --> 00:32:30.467
We'll actually see, I think,
another one a little later one,

00:32:30.467 --> 00:32:31.767
and they're kind of silly
and funny

00:32:31.767 --> 00:32:33.701
if you read any of them, so...

00:32:33.701 --> 00:32:35.434
-And talking about things
that are different now

00:32:35.434 --> 00:32:40.200
than what they were then,
students and young people

00:32:40.200 --> 00:32:42.834
always have their own language
which they communicate with,

00:32:42.834 --> 00:32:45.133
their own slang and slang terms,

00:32:45.133 --> 00:32:46.667
and that's true
in these yearbooks as well,

00:32:46.667 --> 00:32:48.767
and on the website, we actually
have a sort of glossary

00:32:48.767 --> 00:32:50.234
of slang terms from the '40s

00:32:50.234 --> 00:32:52.000
that are fun
to experience as well,

00:32:52.000 --> 00:32:56.734
but we see the first student,
here, Sokio Akihosho.

00:32:56.734 --> 00:32:59.133
She wills her jiving
to all the wallflowers,

00:32:59.133 --> 00:33:00.467
so I guess she was
a good dancer...

00:33:00.467 --> 00:33:01.801
-Dancer.
-...or at least

00:33:01.801 --> 00:33:04.400
a more uninhibited dancer
than some other students.

00:33:04.400 --> 00:33:07.501
-Right, and so in addition to,
like, slang,

00:33:07.501 --> 00:33:09.801
I think a lot of these show,
like, inside jokes, like,

00:33:09.801 --> 00:33:11.467
things that maybe to us is like,

00:33:11.467 --> 00:33:13.033
"I don't get it.
I don't get that," you know,

00:33:13.033 --> 00:33:15.000
but again, being
in that school environment,

00:33:15.000 --> 00:33:16.734
you guys all know
that you have inside jokes

00:33:16.734 --> 00:33:17.968
with your friends or your class,

00:33:17.968 --> 00:33:19.934
and you can see
that kind of on display here.

00:33:19.934 --> 00:33:21.033
-Sure.
-So if you kind of ponder

00:33:21.033 --> 00:33:23.167
what some of these mean,

00:33:23.167 --> 00:33:26.400
really, you know,
I like the one on the bottom

00:33:26.400 --> 00:33:27.734
in the first column

00:33:27.734 --> 00:33:29.968
that Yas leaves for better
or for worse, so...

00:33:29.968 --> 00:33:32.400
-Yeah.
-And, of course,

00:33:32.400 --> 00:33:35.100
there's also senior superlatives
which also show up

00:33:35.100 --> 00:33:37.200
in a lot of yearbooks
like most popular,

00:33:37.200 --> 00:33:38.968
most handsome, most attractive,

00:33:38.968 --> 00:33:40.567
and so you can see
all of those students,

00:33:40.567 --> 00:33:41.868
here, on the left-hand side,

00:33:41.868 --> 00:33:43.567
and see a little bit more
of where they lived

00:33:43.567 --> 00:33:45.934
and where they went to school
on the right-hand side.

00:33:45.934 --> 00:33:48.834
-Yeah, very dusty, very remote,

00:33:48.834 --> 00:33:51.234
a real sort of lack
of facilities,

00:33:51.234 --> 00:33:55.167
so it's a wonder they were able
to create something this clean

00:33:55.167 --> 00:33:58.501
and really this ambitious.

00:33:58.501 --> 00:34:00.801
This yearbook is very, very,
very, very broad

00:34:00.801 --> 00:34:02.601
in showing the aspect
of student life

00:34:02.601 --> 00:34:04.934
in these camps, and this...

00:34:04.934 --> 00:34:08.968
We also see this shows senior
graduates from the fall term.

00:34:08.968 --> 00:34:10.033
-Mm.
-I think we'll talk about

00:34:10.033 --> 00:34:12.267
that a bit more
in another yearbook,

00:34:12.267 --> 00:34:15.834
how they had different
class commencements as well.

00:34:15.834 --> 00:34:17.200
-Yeah.
Mm-hmm.

00:34:17.200 --> 00:34:18.467
And also kind of interesting
related to then, finally,

00:34:18.467 --> 00:34:20.634
there's a page in here
about graduates,

00:34:20.634 --> 00:34:23.701
and we see, of course,
in the typical cap and gown,

00:34:23.701 --> 00:34:27.467
and I think this is also forward
thinking as well,

00:34:27.467 --> 00:34:28.734
like, many dedications,

00:34:28.734 --> 00:34:30.267
but it also says something
kind of interesting

00:34:30.267 --> 00:34:32.300
that we underlined in red --

00:34:32.300 --> 00:34:34.167
"Though their number
has been greatly decreased,

00:34:34.167 --> 00:34:35.868
their spirit of comradeship

00:34:35.868 --> 00:34:38.267
has united them through
their high school years."

00:34:38.267 --> 00:34:40.267
What does that mean?
-It's...

00:34:40.267 --> 00:34:43.067
I mean, it could mean
a number of things,

00:34:43.067 --> 00:34:46.234
but obviously it's reflecting
that, again, like our previous

00:34:46.234 --> 00:34:47.968
poll question was,

00:34:47.968 --> 00:34:52.067
where were a lot of
military-age young men

00:34:52.067 --> 00:34:54.901
going before or after
high school was completed?

00:34:54.901 --> 00:34:57.000
They were going into
the military,

00:34:57.000 --> 00:34:58.868
and then also the understanding

00:34:58.868 --> 00:35:00.901
that people were, you know,

00:35:00.901 --> 00:35:03.434
taken away from their homes
and sent to these places.

00:35:03.434 --> 00:35:07.200
So the number has been greatly
decreased as the camps

00:35:07.200 --> 00:35:09.167
were set up and then closed,

00:35:09.167 --> 00:35:10.400
but the spirit of comradeship

00:35:10.400 --> 00:35:13.934
has united them throughout
their high school years.

00:35:13.934 --> 00:35:15.267
-All right.

00:35:15.267 --> 00:35:16.968
And then we're going to now
go to the East Coast

00:35:16.968 --> 00:35:19.434
and go to Dartmouth,
Massachusetts,

00:35:19.434 --> 00:35:21.367
to look at the 1943 "Harpoon"

00:35:21.367 --> 00:35:24.200
for some more
senior-related stuff,

00:35:24.200 --> 00:35:25.634
and one of our favorites,

00:35:25.634 --> 00:35:28.033
another
kind of inside-jokey sort of one

00:35:28.033 --> 00:35:29.434
that we don't totally get,

00:35:29.434 --> 00:35:33.067
but seniors in a nutshell,
which is a great page in here.

00:35:33.067 --> 00:35:34.434
-So we see, you know,

00:35:34.434 --> 00:35:37.801
it's where students were allowed
to submit their own,

00:35:37.801 --> 00:35:41.834
you know, their
own superlatives,

00:35:41.834 --> 00:35:44.501
pondering when
they were happiest

00:35:44.501 --> 00:35:46.601
but then also
their probable fates,

00:35:46.601 --> 00:35:50.167
you know, seeing things
from jobs like typists,

00:35:50.167 --> 00:35:52.400
or receptionists
or hairdressers,

00:35:52.400 --> 00:35:57.534
to things, like, very succinct,
probable fate, married.

00:35:57.534 --> 00:36:01.300
So it's talking about
the different expectations, too,

00:36:01.300 --> 00:36:03.767
of women working
outside the home

00:36:03.767 --> 00:36:06.267
that changed
during World War II,

00:36:06.267 --> 00:36:08.968
but then some who still
aspired to what was

00:36:08.968 --> 00:36:14.234
then probably seen as
sort of normalcy of staying home

00:36:14.234 --> 00:36:16.133
and working in the home as well.

00:36:16.133 --> 00:36:21.200
And then we see, as well, by
each of the student portraits,

00:36:21.200 --> 00:36:23.501
what their focus was on in terms

00:36:23.501 --> 00:36:25.000
of the course
that they had pursued.

00:36:25.000 --> 00:36:27.834
We see commercial
and agricultural

00:36:27.834 --> 00:36:29.167
and some of the classes

00:36:29.167 --> 00:36:33.734
they took as well with Eleanor
and Melvin down there,

00:36:33.734 --> 00:36:36.901
and Melvin not looking
nearly as happy as Eleanor

00:36:36.901 --> 00:36:38.834
to have his photo taken.

00:36:38.834 --> 00:36:39.801
-Yeah.

00:36:39.801 --> 00:36:41.000
She looks maybe
ready to graduate

00:36:41.000 --> 00:36:43.300
and maybe him,
I don't know, not so much.

00:36:43.300 --> 00:36:44.701
All right.

00:36:44.701 --> 00:36:46.634
And then we're going to travel
to Central High School

00:36:46.634 --> 00:36:47.968
in Duluth, Minnesota,

00:36:47.968 --> 00:36:49.734
and this is, again, the 1945,

00:36:49.734 --> 00:36:53.267
towards the end of the war,
yearbook, and more of...

00:36:53.267 --> 00:36:54.868
This is another one
that kind of makes us smile

00:36:54.868 --> 00:36:56.968
and kind of be like, "Huh?"
-Yeah.

00:36:56.968 --> 00:36:58.634
It's great because
it's, you know,

00:36:58.634 --> 00:37:00.300
they actually gave out
sort of, you know,

00:37:00.300 --> 00:37:02.968
physical representations
of these awards.

00:37:02.968 --> 00:37:06.234
We see, I think,
the young lady on the right,

00:37:06.234 --> 00:37:08.100
what's almost like a big bowl,
and then the...

00:37:08.100 --> 00:37:09.501
-Then the guy has
a big spoon, right?

00:37:09.501 --> 00:37:11.801
-The guy has a big spoon,

00:37:11.801 --> 00:37:16.033
and some of these, as well,
we know from yearbooks today,

00:37:16.033 --> 00:37:19.200
most of the superlatives
are positive,

00:37:19.200 --> 00:37:20.901
but the student with the spoon,

00:37:20.901 --> 00:37:25.033
the male, he's actually
been awarded of the...

00:37:25.033 --> 00:37:26.601
His nomination says,

00:37:26.601 --> 00:37:29.000
"Homeliest boy," which is,
I think, sort of, like...

00:37:29.000 --> 00:37:30.167
-Generally an insult,
don't you think?

00:37:30.167 --> 00:37:31.200
-Yeah, sort of, like, plainest

00:37:31.200 --> 00:37:33.100
or not the least
attractive young man,

00:37:33.100 --> 00:37:34.400
which I think
is completely unfair.

00:37:34.400 --> 00:37:36.534
He looks like a...
-Normal person.

00:37:36.534 --> 00:37:37.801
-...you know, normal teenager.

00:37:37.801 --> 00:37:38.801
So yeah.

00:37:38.801 --> 00:37:40.033
The idea of putting sort
of negative

00:37:40.033 --> 00:37:41.567
superlatives
in a yearbook, it was...

00:37:41.567 --> 00:37:44.434
It certainly, I don't think,
would happen today, but yeah,

00:37:44.434 --> 00:37:48.067
great visuals and great images
showing students

00:37:48.067 --> 00:37:50.734
whiling away the hours,
but then, yeah.

00:37:50.734 --> 00:37:53.701
These actual physical trophies,
hardware that got for being...

00:37:53.701 --> 00:37:55.167
for their superlatives.

00:37:55.167 --> 00:37:56.634
-Yeah, for their superlatives,
the most, the least, whatever.

00:37:56.634 --> 00:37:58.067
So...and then let's go to...

00:37:58.067 --> 00:38:00.133
This is a cool yearbook
for a lot of reasons.

00:38:00.133 --> 00:38:02.367
We're not going to look at all
of it today, the "Daisy Chain,"

00:38:02.367 --> 00:38:04.267
which is in Waco, Texas,
and notice,

00:38:04.267 --> 00:38:05.534
talking about what Collin
mentioned before,

00:38:05.534 --> 00:38:07.000
this is one of
the coolest covers,

00:38:07.000 --> 00:38:10.567
and it has a military theme
throughout the entire yearbook.

00:38:10.567 --> 00:38:13.901
-And that was not uncommon
that the students would take

00:38:13.901 --> 00:38:16.868
on a military or martial theme
for their class yearbook.

00:38:16.868 --> 00:38:19.701
Here we see a dive bomber, and
on the page of this yearbook,

00:38:19.701 --> 00:38:24.501
which is scanned in
on the ww2yearbooks.org website,

00:38:24.501 --> 00:38:26.601
we see images in the margin area

00:38:26.601 --> 00:38:28.968
of descending paratroopers,
machine gunners.

00:38:28.968 --> 00:38:29.901
-Let's see if we can get to it.

00:38:29.901 --> 00:38:31.501
There we go.
-Yeah, perfect.

00:38:31.501 --> 00:38:35.634
So this whole yearbook
has a martial or military theme,

00:38:35.634 --> 00:38:39.868
even down to
the class portraits.

00:38:39.868 --> 00:38:44.100
We see the two folks here
who were kings

00:38:44.100 --> 00:38:46.400
or presidents of their class

00:38:46.400 --> 00:38:49.801
posing by a plane
at an air base,

00:38:49.801 --> 00:38:53.200
and, two, if you can zoom in
or look at the...

00:38:53.200 --> 00:38:54.200
-Underline, there.

00:38:54.200 --> 00:38:56.000
-...the underlining
that we've done,

00:38:56.000 --> 00:38:59.100
we see that the young man,
Bobby Martin,

00:38:59.100 --> 00:39:01.467
he's graduating
in the mid-year class,

00:39:01.467 --> 00:39:03.501
and I believe...
-Let's see...is she...

00:39:03.501 --> 00:39:05.434
-...Bobbie, I believe
her name is...

00:39:05.434 --> 00:39:06.834
-I think she's also Bobbie,
which is spelled with an I, E.

00:39:06.834 --> 00:39:09.434
-Bobbie with an I, E is
graduating with the June class.

00:39:09.434 --> 00:39:11.767
So this was done, like we said,

00:39:11.767 --> 00:39:14.200
to get students
out of school faster

00:39:14.200 --> 00:39:17.334
and to get them into
the military quicker.

00:39:17.334 --> 00:39:21.767
So instead of a typical
fall-to-spring semester,

00:39:21.767 --> 00:39:23.501
you would have maybe two,

00:39:23.501 --> 00:39:25.567
sometimes three
graduations per year.

00:39:25.567 --> 00:39:27.667
-Yeah.
-So students' education...

00:39:27.667 --> 00:39:29.267
-So, summer, right?
-Absolutely.

00:39:29.267 --> 00:39:31.400
They would have graduations
in January,

00:39:31.400 --> 00:39:33.367
graduations in June,
sometimes in August,

00:39:33.367 --> 00:39:36.501
typically how colleges
work these days,

00:39:36.501 --> 00:39:38.667
but even then did the idea
of getting students

00:39:38.667 --> 00:39:40.234
out into the military

00:39:40.234 --> 00:39:43.701
or available to do war work
on the home front.

00:39:43.701 --> 00:39:44.801
-All right.

00:39:44.801 --> 00:39:47.801
So we are going to switch
and continue to

00:39:47.801 --> 00:39:49.767
the Broadway High School.

00:39:49.767 --> 00:39:53.901
This is another great one here,
and it's the "Sealth" --

00:39:53.901 --> 00:39:57.934
I hope I'm saying that right --
yearbook from Seattle,

00:39:57.934 --> 00:40:00.200
and this one has a lot
of awesome little tidbits

00:40:00.200 --> 00:40:01.467
in it, too, and, as I said,

00:40:01.467 --> 00:40:03.634
we're going to
analyze a couple of them here.

00:40:03.634 --> 00:40:05.701
For Mrs. Erics, oh, she said
she can't hear me.

00:40:05.701 --> 00:40:07.100
I think all of you
can still hear me,

00:40:07.100 --> 00:40:08.801
and she might just need
to refresh the room.

00:40:08.801 --> 00:40:13.601
But let's look at something,
a theme that we've already kind

00:40:13.601 --> 00:40:16.667
of touched on again and again,
but some good cartoons here.

00:40:16.667 --> 00:40:19.601
-So I remember working on,

00:40:19.601 --> 00:40:22.801
when I was in my school
newspaper in the late '90s,

00:40:22.801 --> 00:40:26.667
we were still manually laying
things out on dummy sheets

00:40:26.667 --> 00:40:28.100
and things like that,

00:40:28.100 --> 00:40:30.400
and I'm sure now it's all done
with computer programs,

00:40:30.400 --> 00:40:32.100
laying things out.

00:40:32.100 --> 00:40:37.467
However, things back in the
1940s were much more homemade.

00:40:37.467 --> 00:40:40.734
We see, actually, line
and cartoon drawings

00:40:40.734 --> 00:40:42.100
in these yearbooks,

00:40:42.100 --> 00:40:44.701
and so we see a sort of
caricature of a sergeant

00:40:44.701 --> 00:40:46.667
with a big, big, big jaw

00:40:46.667 --> 00:40:49.701
pointing to the seniors
who were leaving school to join.

00:40:49.701 --> 00:40:50.934
To join what?

00:40:50.934 --> 00:40:52.400
They don't even have to say
what to join.

00:40:52.400 --> 00:40:53.901
It's implied they're leaving
to join the military.

00:40:53.901 --> 00:40:56.367
-Mm-hmm.
-That's how universal

00:40:56.367 --> 00:40:57.934
the war was in people's minds.

00:40:57.934 --> 00:41:00.868
-And look how long...I mean,
that is a long list of people,

00:41:00.868 --> 00:41:05.067
you know, to be going
off and joining.

00:41:05.067 --> 00:41:06.734
And then I love
the other cartoon, too.

00:41:06.734 --> 00:41:08.400
I guess if we have
any seniors in the room,

00:41:08.400 --> 00:41:10.534
they can understand
this one a little bit.

00:41:10.534 --> 00:41:13.267
-Seniors or even,
you know, people...

00:41:13.267 --> 00:41:15.601
If you're the high class
at your elementary

00:41:15.601 --> 00:41:17.934
or junior or middle school,

00:41:17.934 --> 00:41:19.934
it's obviously a senior
looking sort of

00:41:19.934 --> 00:41:21.300
at a caricature freshman,

00:41:21.300 --> 00:41:24.234
and he's saying, "Gosh,
they get smaller every year,"

00:41:24.234 --> 00:41:26.501
which I'm sure some of you have
experienced seeing people...

00:41:26.501 --> 00:41:27.734
-When you're a freshman
or a senior.

00:41:27.734 --> 00:41:29.601
-...or as a senior today,
wondering,

00:41:29.601 --> 00:41:31.934
"Who are these children that are
suddenly walking the halls,

00:41:31.934 --> 00:41:34.467
and what are they doing here?

00:41:34.467 --> 00:41:36.634
-There's some common themes.
All right.

00:41:36.634 --> 00:41:37.734
Now we're going to travel

00:41:37.734 --> 00:41:39.634
to West Division
High School in Milwaukee,

00:41:39.634 --> 00:41:43.567
Wisconsin, to see, oh,
this is another Wally...

00:41:43.567 --> 00:41:45.000
Is this Wally West Side,
right...

00:41:45.000 --> 00:41:47.067
-Yeah.
-...their kind of weird mascot,

00:41:47.067 --> 00:41:48.434
but we found this,

00:41:48.434 --> 00:41:50.734
and I think a lot of
it's inside-jokey sort of stuff,

00:41:50.734 --> 00:41:53.300
but secret senior statistics.

00:41:53.300 --> 00:41:55.067
-So some of these, you'll...

00:41:55.067 --> 00:41:56.467
Like, schools have mascots.

00:41:56.467 --> 00:41:59.133
Some schools would have
their mascots sort of be, like,

00:41:59.133 --> 00:42:02.901
a narrator or sort of a
storyteller in these yearbooks,

00:42:02.901 --> 00:42:06.234
so we have Wally West Side,
this guy with the crossed eyes

00:42:06.234 --> 00:42:07.567
and, like, sort of a zoot suit,

00:42:07.567 --> 00:42:10.133
and I think he's holding
a microphone in his hand,

00:42:10.133 --> 00:42:13.901
giving some secret senior stats,

00:42:13.901 --> 00:42:16.000
which I think is probably
just more doing

00:42:16.000 --> 00:42:18.000
some quick-and-easy math,

00:42:18.000 --> 00:42:23.868
but things like the total number
of graduates, 105.5,

00:42:23.868 --> 00:42:25.467
one is making up
the other half in June,

00:42:25.467 --> 00:42:28.834
and so I guess one didn't finish
all his coursework in time,

00:42:28.834 --> 00:42:31.868
how tall or how much
everyone weighed in total,

00:42:31.868 --> 00:42:36.701
but then, also, things like the
total number of lipsticks used,

00:42:36.701 --> 00:42:37.901
depending on the number of lips

00:42:37.901 --> 00:42:41.801
and how active they are
is listed as 1,040.

00:42:41.801 --> 00:42:45.434
So sort of inside-jokey,
like Chrissy said,

00:42:45.434 --> 00:42:51.000
but also giving a nice snapshot
of this wartime school.

00:42:51.000 --> 00:42:52.367
-All right.

00:42:52.367 --> 00:42:54.634
And then they have this
really dramatic cartoon about,

00:42:54.634 --> 00:42:57.000
"All right, now what," you know?

00:42:57.000 --> 00:42:59.067
-So it's a great
composite image.

00:42:59.067 --> 00:43:01.567
I think it's one of the first
pages of the yearbook

00:43:01.567 --> 00:43:06.501
showing this recent graduate
from West Side in Milwaukee

00:43:06.501 --> 00:43:08.100
sort of either dreaming
or fantasizing

00:43:08.100 --> 00:43:11.000
or even realizing what's going
to come next for him,

00:43:11.000 --> 00:43:13.334
which is enlistment
in the military.

00:43:13.334 --> 00:43:18.634
So you see this really done
effectively here in this image,

00:43:18.634 --> 00:43:21.133
with the cap and gown
being the place with the uniform

00:43:21.133 --> 00:43:22.801
and the gun,

00:43:22.801 --> 00:43:25.534
and then also, again,
terms that are...

00:43:25.534 --> 00:43:27.901
may not be very
familiar to people

00:43:27.901 --> 00:43:30.634
who aren't deep into
World War II history

00:43:30.634 --> 00:43:34.234
or have family members
who served in the military,

00:43:34.234 --> 00:43:37.567
another cartoon
from West Side High

00:43:37.567 --> 00:43:40.501
where someone is handing out
a diploma to a recent graduate

00:43:40.501 --> 00:43:43.434
and it says, "It behooves me
to present you your diploma,

00:43:43.434 --> 00:43:45.100
and, oh, yes.
Here is your draft notice.

00:43:45.100 --> 00:43:46.667
You are now 1-A,"

00:43:46.667 --> 00:43:49.734
and 1-A meant someone
who was very healthy,

00:43:49.734 --> 00:43:54.367
had no family or job ties
that would prevent them

00:43:54.367 --> 00:43:55.834
from joining
the military immediately.

00:43:55.834 --> 00:43:59.100
So this guy is being given
basically his diploma

00:43:59.100 --> 00:44:00.467
and his notice

00:44:00.467 --> 00:44:02.901
to report for military service
at the same time.

00:44:02.901 --> 00:44:04.601
-Right.
So think about that reality of,

00:44:04.601 --> 00:44:07.033
you know, what's going to be
next, here, and, oh.

00:44:07.033 --> 00:44:08.434
Before we actually
tour the yearbooks,

00:44:08.434 --> 00:44:10.934
I actually thought
one last poll question.

00:44:10.934 --> 00:44:13.300
We've seen a lot about
students' futures here,

00:44:13.300 --> 00:44:16.167
and we've discussed
it kind of at length,

00:44:16.167 --> 00:44:19.133
but I want you to think of
where you are now, or again,

00:44:19.133 --> 00:44:20.901
whether you're
elementary school,

00:44:20.901 --> 00:44:22.767
middle school, high school.

00:44:22.767 --> 00:44:24.400
If people were looking
at your own yearbook,

00:44:24.400 --> 00:44:26.434
wouldn't necessarily
say high school,

00:44:26.434 --> 00:44:28.634
70 years or so in the future,

00:44:28.634 --> 00:44:30.501
what would be some
of the themes and messages

00:44:30.501 --> 00:44:31.801
whether from your school,

00:44:31.801 --> 00:44:36.400
from your community or town,
from even our country,

00:44:36.400 --> 00:44:37.601
and what do you think
that might be...

00:44:37.601 --> 00:44:39.601
What do you think
people like us,

00:44:39.601 --> 00:44:42.801
70 years in the future,
will be analyzing?

00:44:42.801 --> 00:44:45.767
-And it's...
This is a great collection

00:44:45.767 --> 00:44:48.000
that we love having here,
at the museum,

00:44:48.000 --> 00:44:49.801
teaching about
World War II history,

00:44:49.801 --> 00:44:51.901
but this is really
a lesson or an exercise

00:44:51.901 --> 00:44:54.968
that can be adapted
for really any time period.

00:44:54.968 --> 00:44:57.067
If your school is old enough,

00:44:57.067 --> 00:44:59.133
you can look in
your school library,

00:44:59.133 --> 00:45:01.434
or your school librarian
may have some old yearbooks

00:45:01.434 --> 00:45:03.667
from maybe the World War II era,

00:45:03.667 --> 00:45:06.000
but maybe there are '50s,
'60s and '70s,

00:45:06.000 --> 00:45:08.801
and you can analyze it
for what looks different

00:45:08.801 --> 00:45:10.667
from hairstyles and clothes,

00:45:10.667 --> 00:45:12.033
but then also what they choose

00:45:12.033 --> 00:45:13.767
to capture
or chronicle in there,

00:45:13.767 --> 00:45:15.701
so you can use it to learn
about World War II,

00:45:15.701 --> 00:45:17.701
certainly, but also
the Civil Rights Movement...

00:45:17.701 --> 00:45:19.167
-Yeah.
-...Korea, Vietnam,

00:45:19.167 --> 00:45:20.868
all the things all the way
up to the present

00:45:20.868 --> 00:45:22.534
that students were interested in

00:45:22.534 --> 00:45:24.267
and felt needed
to be documented.

00:45:24.267 --> 00:45:25.601
-Even in ours,

00:45:25.601 --> 00:45:27.367
even though I feel like,
"Oh, that's not that long ago,"

00:45:27.367 --> 00:45:30.167
I mean, even look at
how different our hair,

00:45:30.167 --> 00:45:33.234
our, you know, look is
compared to students today.

00:45:33.234 --> 00:45:34.801
-Sure.
-And so...

00:45:34.801 --> 00:45:38.400
-And then also just the things
that didn't exist

00:45:38.400 --> 00:45:40.200
or that existed
in the 1940s yearbooks

00:45:40.200 --> 00:45:42.367
that obviously wouldn't exist
in a current one,

00:45:42.367 --> 00:45:44.534
be it sports or, you know,

00:45:44.534 --> 00:45:45.834
how they're laid out

00:45:45.834 --> 00:45:48.767
and how they communicate.
-All right.

00:45:48.767 --> 00:45:50.634
We're going to give you
a little bit more time.

00:45:50.634 --> 00:45:51.734
Someone is actually

00:45:51.734 --> 00:45:52.901
kind of sharing with us
their personal...

00:45:52.901 --> 00:45:54.634
Maybe they have
a personal senior page.

00:45:54.634 --> 00:45:55.834
I had that in my high school

00:45:55.834 --> 00:45:57.734
where it was like
you knew all about,

00:45:57.734 --> 00:45:59.300
and it was with
multiple pictures

00:45:59.300 --> 00:46:02.434
and what you were interested
in and what you liked,

00:46:02.434 --> 00:46:05.701
so sometimes really putting
your personality out there

00:46:05.701 --> 00:46:08.634
on those pages
in a very permanent way,

00:46:08.634 --> 00:46:09.901
especially if you're a senior.

00:46:09.901 --> 00:46:13.067
So while you guys
are thinking about this,

00:46:13.067 --> 00:46:15.033
and we can...
Oh, yeah.

00:46:15.033 --> 00:46:16.834
That's good.

00:46:16.834 --> 00:46:18.667
We...I'll leave
this poll question

00:46:18.667 --> 00:46:20.801
open kind of
underneath us, here,

00:46:20.801 --> 00:46:22.267
and you can continue to submit,

00:46:22.267 --> 00:46:25.200
and then I'll broadcast
the results,

00:46:25.200 --> 00:46:27.467
but while we're doing this,
I just want to briefly

00:46:27.467 --> 00:46:30.234
give you guys a little virtual
tour of the site,

00:46:30.234 --> 00:46:31.968
and so give me a second

00:46:31.968 --> 00:46:36.067
to do that to share
my screen with everybody

00:46:36.067 --> 00:46:37.534
so we can see what
this site looks like

00:46:37.534 --> 00:46:40.200
and see what you can
explore, here, further.

00:46:40.200 --> 00:46:41.634
All right.

00:46:41.634 --> 00:46:46.400
So we are going to go here,
and you should hopefully see,

00:46:46.400 --> 00:46:50.400
in a second,
the See You Next Year! website,

00:46:50.400 --> 00:46:52.734
which is ww2yearbooks.org,

00:46:52.734 --> 00:46:54.868
and, of course,
there's a brief introduction,

00:46:54.868 --> 00:46:56.267
and if you scroll down,

00:46:56.267 --> 00:46:59.467
you can see all of the yearbooks
we have digitized thus far.

00:46:59.467 --> 00:47:01.501
You may notice, like,
actually the people

00:47:01.501 --> 00:47:03.501
who were calling out
in Florida earlier,

00:47:03.501 --> 00:47:05.567
your state might not be on here.

00:47:05.567 --> 00:47:08.100
So we're actually still trying
to collect some yearbooks,

00:47:08.100 --> 00:47:10.634
and we'll go through that list,
here, at the end of the program.

00:47:10.634 --> 00:47:13.167
You can see that we do
add some frequently,

00:47:13.167 --> 00:47:15.834
and there's some that
we didn't touch on today

00:47:15.834 --> 00:47:17.601
that are really great,

00:47:17.601 --> 00:47:19.934
and so even more of
the same kind of themes

00:47:19.934 --> 00:47:21.434
that we'd look at,

00:47:21.434 --> 00:47:23.167
and when you go to each page,
you'll see that, of course,

00:47:23.167 --> 00:47:26.300
where this is from, the fate
of the school right now,

00:47:26.300 --> 00:47:27.901
specific names to look for,

00:47:27.901 --> 00:47:31.400
vocabulary that we see kind of
consistently used in here,

00:47:31.400 --> 00:47:33.534
and I think my
favorite feature is

00:47:33.534 --> 00:47:37.200
that you can digitally scroll
through these yearbooks,

00:47:37.200 --> 00:47:38.434
so you can see.

00:47:38.434 --> 00:47:40.767
You could scroll through
and see, of course, again,

00:47:40.767 --> 00:47:45.934
this very common military theme
of this Albert Lea High School,

00:47:45.934 --> 00:47:50.534
graduating and onto
potentially serving.

00:47:50.534 --> 00:47:52.467
So this is a really fun...

00:47:52.467 --> 00:47:55.167
You could just spend
hours sitting here.

00:47:55.167 --> 00:47:57.934
And this is more
for our teachers.

00:47:57.934 --> 00:48:02.133
Collin created different lesson
plans that are related to this,

00:48:02.133 --> 00:48:03.334
so you can actually dig in.

00:48:03.334 --> 00:48:05.334
Have your students
really get into this site

00:48:05.334 --> 00:48:08.701
related to these specific
lesson plans, and then,

00:48:08.701 --> 00:48:11.934
of course, lastly, we've got
some oral histories as well,

00:48:11.934 --> 00:48:13.868
so you can hear from people
who were high schoolers

00:48:13.868 --> 00:48:15.267
during World War II

00:48:15.267 --> 00:48:17.901
being interviewed by high
schoolers here in New Orleans,

00:48:17.901 --> 00:48:21.467
so it's kind of your
multi-generational interview,

00:48:21.467 --> 00:48:23.234
and then lastly, of course,

00:48:23.234 --> 00:48:24.601
talking about the states
that we still need,

00:48:24.601 --> 00:48:26.100
and you can donate
a yearbook on here.

00:48:26.100 --> 00:48:29.234
I don't...While I stop
sharing, I'm going to,

00:48:29.234 --> 00:48:31.767
in a second, show you guys
what states we still need,

00:48:31.767 --> 00:48:35.334
so let me stop sharing
and make that hide,

00:48:35.334 --> 00:48:40.234
and let's share and broadcast
some of your results.

00:48:40.234 --> 00:48:41.501
Okay.

00:48:41.501 --> 00:48:43.534
So, as I said, someone was
really sharing with us

00:48:43.534 --> 00:48:46.133
what they think people
will remember about them.

00:48:46.133 --> 00:48:49.601
They're crazy about cats,
but yeah.

00:48:49.601 --> 00:48:51.567
The great things that you
experience, inside jokes,

00:48:51.567 --> 00:48:55.200
plays, proms, sports
and, of course, graduation, too.

00:48:55.200 --> 00:48:56.634
-And technology.
I mean, this is the...

00:48:56.634 --> 00:48:59.067
This is, I mean, this is an era
that we're dealing with

00:48:59.067 --> 00:49:01.033
where it's, you know,
there's, you know, no Internet.

00:49:01.033 --> 00:49:03.400
You know, television
doesn't really exist,

00:49:03.400 --> 00:49:05.067
so things that can
change as well.

00:49:05.067 --> 00:49:07.267
I mean, the fact that we,
you know, almost all of us have,

00:49:07.267 --> 00:49:09.334
you know, smartphones
we walk around with,

00:49:09.334 --> 00:49:11.734
something like that where
it's really the unthinkable,

00:49:11.734 --> 00:49:15.767
so in terms of capturing
images and portraits,

00:49:15.767 --> 00:49:18.133
you might have your photo
taken a few dozen times

00:49:18.133 --> 00:49:20.234
in your life in the 1940s

00:49:20.234 --> 00:49:23.200
whereas, you know,
we can do that at-will now,

00:49:23.200 --> 00:49:25.868
so capturing these moments
becomes a lot, lot easier, too,

00:49:25.868 --> 00:49:28.701
and how that influences
what people share.

00:49:28.701 --> 00:49:30.934
And that's how, you know,
Facebook even began.

00:49:30.934 --> 00:49:33.667
It began, basically,
as a virtual yearbook site

00:49:33.667 --> 00:49:35.601
before it became sort of
a social-media site.

00:49:35.601 --> 00:49:38.667
-Right, right.
So yeah, so, just, I mean,

00:49:38.667 --> 00:49:42.601
thinking about how we will
put a lens on this

00:49:42.601 --> 00:49:45.501
70 plus years in the future,
and you're right.

00:49:45.501 --> 00:49:49.167
It's not just about even what's
going on at your school locally,

00:49:49.167 --> 00:49:50.534
but even, as I said,
a national lens

00:49:50.534 --> 00:49:52.767
with someone saying
politics as well.

00:49:52.767 --> 00:49:53.934
-Mm-hmm.
-So yeah.

00:49:53.934 --> 00:49:56.167
People will be looking
at how young people felt

00:49:56.167 --> 00:49:58.400
about how we look at how
young people felt about the war.

00:49:58.400 --> 00:49:59.667
-Yup.
-We'll look back then

00:49:59.667 --> 00:50:01.734
to see how young people
maybe felt about,

00:50:01.734 --> 00:50:03.968
you know, the election
and things like that,

00:50:03.968 --> 00:50:07.667
so a lot of interesting
things to dig in there.

00:50:07.667 --> 00:50:09.400
Collin, before we kind of
close out and see

00:50:09.400 --> 00:50:13.100
if anybody has any questions,
any kind of final thoughts on,

00:50:13.100 --> 00:50:14.834
you know, what
we've seen here today?

00:50:14.834 --> 00:50:17.167
-All right.
This is a great way for students

00:50:17.167 --> 00:50:18.868
to see themselves
reflected in history.

00:50:18.868 --> 00:50:21.200
I think a lot of people
like myself...

00:50:21.200 --> 00:50:22.467
I've always been
interested in history,

00:50:22.467 --> 00:50:25.968
but I know some people
really have not a dislike

00:50:25.968 --> 00:50:28.534
but they don't think history
has anything to do with them,

00:50:28.534 --> 00:50:30.934
and seeing this really
putting the student element

00:50:30.934 --> 00:50:32.133
right in the center of it

00:50:32.133 --> 00:50:34.234
as opposed to sort of
being an afterthought

00:50:34.234 --> 00:50:35.734
or not represented at all,

00:50:35.734 --> 00:50:38.801
it's a really fun way
to learn about World War II

00:50:38.801 --> 00:50:40.234
from a student's eye view,

00:50:40.234 --> 00:50:43.200
but then also, if you can find
one from your area or state,

00:50:43.200 --> 00:50:48.100
how people in your home state,
county or region of the world

00:50:48.100 --> 00:50:50.000
were experiencing this just,

00:50:50.000 --> 00:50:53.000
you know, great, great turning
point in 20th century history,

00:50:53.000 --> 00:50:54.567
and it's been a lot
of fun to work on,

00:50:54.567 --> 00:50:57.634
and I hope you've enjoyed seeing
the slides we've had to present.

00:50:57.634 --> 00:50:58.868
-So yeah.

00:50:58.868 --> 00:51:00.334
As you know, that's the website
you can go to.

00:51:00.334 --> 00:51:02.334
Actually, we're going to
transition into one more area,

00:51:02.334 --> 00:51:04.000
and you're actually going
to see Collin and I, like,

00:51:04.000 --> 00:51:05.367
officially go away
on the webcam,

00:51:05.367 --> 00:51:08.934
so bye in that regard,
but we'll do Q and A.

00:51:08.934 --> 00:51:11.367
Actually, no.
Actually, well, let's do...

00:51:11.367 --> 00:51:12.701
See if anybody has
any questions now

00:51:12.701 --> 00:51:16.133
before we transition
and show you what slides

00:51:16.133 --> 00:51:18.133
or what yearbooks we still need.

00:51:18.133 --> 00:51:19.434
So all right.

00:51:19.434 --> 00:51:23.234
Let's show you guys
what we still need, here,

00:51:23.234 --> 00:51:25.567
and we'll let that
presentation pop up,

00:51:25.567 --> 00:51:27.434
but we have many states,

00:51:27.434 --> 00:51:30.534
and sometimes we have
multiple yearbooks from states,

00:51:30.534 --> 00:51:31.701
but there are a lot of states

00:51:31.701 --> 00:51:34.467
where we also do not
have a yearbook yet,

00:51:34.467 --> 00:51:36.133
and if you see
your state on here,

00:51:36.133 --> 00:51:39.200
maybe you can bug your
librarian at your school

00:51:39.200 --> 00:51:41.300
to see if they would be
even willing to lend us one

00:51:41.300 --> 00:51:45.033
to even scan to be
part of this collection,

00:51:45.033 --> 00:51:47.367
so I think we
saw Florida on here.

00:51:47.367 --> 00:51:48.567
-Yeah.
You know, Weeki Wachee,

00:51:48.567 --> 00:51:51.200
I went there on vacation
a couple years ago.

00:51:51.200 --> 00:51:55.033
I love the mermaids,
so it could be a yearbook

00:51:55.033 --> 00:51:56.534
from that part of the world.

00:51:56.534 --> 00:51:59.534
We know it's...The elements
are not kind to paper artifacts,

00:51:59.534 --> 00:52:02.834
especially areas that are prone
to tropical weather like we are,

00:52:02.834 --> 00:52:04.901
so Mississippi,
Alabama, Florida,

00:52:04.901 --> 00:52:07.033
we know those are
definite concerns.

00:52:07.033 --> 00:52:08.601
-Yeah, and it took us
a little bit

00:52:08.601 --> 00:52:10.033
even to get Louisiana yearbooks

00:52:10.033 --> 00:52:11.400
because a lot
has been destroyed,

00:52:11.400 --> 00:52:14.234
and, you know, like,
all these states and hurricanes

00:52:14.234 --> 00:52:16.868
and flooding
and all that kind of stuff.

00:52:16.868 --> 00:52:20.367
Before we transition, I'll show
you a few more slides, here.

00:52:20.367 --> 00:52:21.834
For teachers, especially,
if you didn't get

00:52:21.834 --> 00:52:23.234
that yearbook teacher guide,

00:52:23.234 --> 00:52:25.000
it's right below that
Q and A pod,

00:52:25.000 --> 00:52:26.334
so be sure to download that.

00:52:26.334 --> 00:52:29.033
I'll also resend it again
one more time.

00:52:29.033 --> 00:52:31.567
Of course, we've kind
of went through a tour

00:52:31.567 --> 00:52:33.300
of what this site has to offer,

00:52:33.300 --> 00:52:36.200
and then, lastly,
for our teachers,

00:52:36.200 --> 00:52:39.000
if you're looking for more
World War II lesson plans

00:52:39.000 --> 00:52:41.934
that aren't maybe this specific,

00:52:41.934 --> 00:52:47.300
we have many more lesson plans
on ww2classroom.org,

00:52:47.300 --> 00:52:49.267
and right now you'll
see lesson plans

00:52:49.267 --> 00:52:51.501
related to the war
in the Pacific.

00:52:51.501 --> 00:52:53.734
Very shortly, there will
be lesson plans

00:52:53.734 --> 00:52:55.000
about the war in Europe,

00:52:55.000 --> 00:52:57.033
so you can really have
a full suite of curriculum

00:52:57.033 --> 00:53:00.567
when you get into the meat
of teaching World War II,

00:53:00.567 --> 00:53:02.234
and, actually,
you know what?

00:53:02.234 --> 00:53:04.601
That's about it
for all of us here.

00:53:04.601 --> 00:53:07.767
Collin and I were so pleased
to present to you guys today.

00:53:07.767 --> 00:53:09.167
-Mm-hmm.
-This is our final webinar

00:53:09.167 --> 00:53:10.501
for the school year.

00:53:10.501 --> 00:53:12.000
Sniff, sniff, sad.

00:53:12.000 --> 00:53:13.834
But we really appreciate
all your participation.

00:53:13.834 --> 00:53:15.834
-Absolutely, and no.

00:53:15.834 --> 00:53:17.400
It's like the name
of the website says.

00:53:17.400 --> 00:53:19.567
You know, you can see...
See you next year,

00:53:19.567 --> 00:53:22.601
when we will have
more programs to present.

00:53:22.601 --> 00:53:24.901
-Yeah. Literally.
We will see you next year, so...

00:53:24.901 --> 00:53:27.033
And again, if anybody
wants to share

00:53:27.033 --> 00:53:28.767
their embarrassing
yearbook photos with us...

00:53:28.767 --> 00:53:30.434
-Please.
-...you know how

00:53:30.434 --> 00:53:32.968
to get ahold of us here,

00:53:32.968 --> 00:53:34.634
so you'll maybe make us feel
a little bit better

00:53:34.634 --> 00:53:38.767
about putting our high school
selves out there

00:53:38.767 --> 00:53:40.567
for the world to see.

00:53:40.567 --> 00:53:42.968
But anyway, from Chrissy
and Collin at the National...