WEBVTT Kind: captions Language: en 00:00:01.767 --> 00:00:03.734 -The electronic field trip, "We're All In This Together: 00:00:03.734 --> 00:00:07.133 How Students Like You Helped Win WWII," 00:00:07.133 --> 00:00:10.100 is a production partnership of WYES 00:00:10.100 --> 00:00:11.667 New Orleans Public Television 00:00:11.667 --> 00:00:15.100 and the National World War II Museum, 00:00:15.100 --> 00:00:18.734 made possible in part by the Selley Foundation. 00:00:27.634 --> 00:00:36.467 -December 7, 1941, a date which will live in infamy. 00:00:39.033 --> 00:00:41.534 -President Franklin Roosevelt tells the nation 00:00:41.534 --> 00:00:45.000 that they are at war after the Japanese bomb 00:00:45.000 --> 00:00:48.501 American warships at Pearl Harbor in Hawaii, 00:00:48.501 --> 00:00:51.501 bringing the United States into World War II, 00:00:51.501 --> 00:00:53.501 fighting both Japan in the Pacific 00:00:53.501 --> 00:00:57.334 and Germany and its allies in Europe. 00:00:57.334 --> 00:01:00.934 16 million Americans fought in the war, 00:01:00.934 --> 00:01:02.934 but more than 100 million, 00:01:02.934 --> 00:01:06.501 over 80% of America's population at the time, 00:01:06.501 --> 00:01:09.701 helped in the war effort at home as civilians, 00:01:09.701 --> 00:01:13.701 and that includes the children of America. 00:01:13.701 --> 00:01:15.501 In this electronic field trip, 00:01:15.501 --> 00:01:17.801 we'll learn how kids just like you 00:01:17.801 --> 00:01:20.667 helped the United States win the war 00:01:20.667 --> 00:01:24.100 'cause they realize that we're all in this together. 00:01:30.033 --> 00:01:31.501 Welcome to our electronic field trip 00:01:31.501 --> 00:01:33.300 from the National World War II Museum 00:01:33.300 --> 00:01:35.834 in downtown New Orleans, Louisiana. 00:01:35.834 --> 00:01:37.267 I'm Tom Gregory. 00:01:37.267 --> 00:01:38.901 During this field trip, we're going to learn 00:01:38.901 --> 00:01:43.033 what kids your age did to help America win World War II, 00:01:43.033 --> 00:01:44.434 and we want to hear from you. 00:01:44.434 --> 00:01:48.968 You can e-mail questions to fieldtrips@wyes.org, 00:01:48.968 --> 00:01:51.133 and we also invite you to answer some questions 00:01:51.133 --> 00:01:53.934 by taking part in our live polls. 00:01:53.934 --> 00:01:55.133 First, you have to sign up. 00:01:55.133 --> 00:02:02.400 Text wyesfieldtri069 to 22333 to join 00:02:02.400 --> 00:02:04.167 or you can play right along on your computer. 00:02:04.167 --> 00:02:06.868 Just scroll down, and you'll see the poll questions. 00:02:06.868 --> 00:02:09.267 Just follow the instructions during the poll questions 00:02:09.267 --> 00:02:10.767 to participate. 00:02:10.767 --> 00:02:12.434 You know, young people your age 00:02:12.434 --> 00:02:14.133 did have a role in the war effort 00:02:14.133 --> 00:02:16.634 even though they were at home and in school. 00:02:16.634 --> 00:02:19.567 During World War II, we were all in this together, 00:02:19.567 --> 00:02:21.934 working hard to preserve our freedom. 00:02:26.667 --> 00:02:28.767 School yearbooks are not only a place 00:02:28.767 --> 00:02:31.167 for friends' signatures and well-wishes. 00:02:31.167 --> 00:02:32.834 They're a place for history. 00:02:32.834 --> 00:02:36.801 Yearbooks from the war years, 1941 through 1945, 00:02:36.801 --> 00:02:40.234 give us an idea of how students took part in the war effort. 00:02:40.234 --> 00:02:41.767 They helped by saving materials 00:02:41.767 --> 00:02:44.067 that were needed by soldiers on the war front, 00:02:44.067 --> 00:02:46.501 like metal for weapons and ammunition, 00:02:46.501 --> 00:02:50.634 or by eating less of the things they really enjoyed, like candy, 00:02:50.634 --> 00:02:54.133 because sugar was in short supply. 00:02:54.133 --> 00:02:56.801 The stories of how Americans all came together 00:02:56.801 --> 00:02:59.634 during World War II are told in exhibits 00:02:59.634 --> 00:03:02.100 at the National World War II Museum. 00:03:02.100 --> 00:03:04.000 Helping us learn more about these stories 00:03:04.000 --> 00:03:05.467 are our student reporters, 00:03:05.467 --> 00:03:09.300 Caroline, Chris, Eliana, and Miguel. 00:03:09.300 --> 00:03:11.901 They're going to take us on an adventure through time 00:03:11.901 --> 00:03:14.133 with the help of museum historians 00:03:14.133 --> 00:03:15.868 and also some very special folks 00:03:15.868 --> 00:03:17.934 who know firsthand what it was like 00:03:17.934 --> 00:03:21.400 to be a kid during World War II. 00:03:21.400 --> 00:03:23.467 Let's join Eliana, Chris, and Miguel 00:03:23.467 --> 00:03:25.934 as they start their museum adventure. 00:03:30.834 --> 00:03:32.400 -Hey, guys. My name is Chrissy Gregg, 00:03:32.400 --> 00:03:34.501 and I'm the virtual classroom coordinator here 00:03:34.501 --> 00:03:36.767 at the National World War II Museum. 00:03:36.767 --> 00:03:39.133 What I do here is I actually connect with students like you 00:03:39.133 --> 00:03:40.934 but from all across the globe. 00:03:40.934 --> 00:03:42.767 I use different kinds of technology 00:03:42.767 --> 00:03:45.567 to really share with them the lessons of World War II, 00:03:45.567 --> 00:03:48.434 but you guys are lucky enough to here today in person. 00:03:48.434 --> 00:03:51.434 -It's really neat that we have the museum in our backyard. 00:03:51.434 --> 00:03:54.868 Why is the World War II Museum in New Orleans? 00:03:54.868 --> 00:03:56.434 -That's a great question. 00:03:56.434 --> 00:03:58.601 It's actually because of this boat here, the Higgins boat. 00:03:58.601 --> 00:03:59.901 -Higgins boat? What's that? 00:03:59.901 --> 00:04:01.968 -The Higgins boat was an important vessel 00:04:01.968 --> 00:04:04.634 during World War II that took our soldiers 00:04:04.634 --> 00:04:06.868 and our Marines to enemy beaches. 00:04:06.868 --> 00:04:09.234 They were built here by Higgins Industries. 00:04:09.234 --> 00:04:12.868 Over 12,500 of these boats were built. 00:04:12.868 --> 00:04:14.934 If you guys take a look at this boat right now, 00:04:14.934 --> 00:04:16.400 what do you think makes it different than, 00:04:16.400 --> 00:04:17.767 let's say, I don't know, 00:04:17.767 --> 00:04:20.834 a speedboat or a fishing boat, something like that? 00:04:20.834 --> 00:04:23.167 -Well, it's got a ramp on the front of it. 00:04:23.167 --> 00:04:24.467 -You are exactly right. 00:04:24.467 --> 00:04:25.667 It does have a ramp. 00:04:25.667 --> 00:04:28.200 Why would you want a ramp on a boat? 00:04:28.200 --> 00:04:31.133 -Well, it would be easier to get on and off of the boat 00:04:31.133 --> 00:04:33.367 than having to hop off the side of it. 00:04:33.367 --> 00:04:34.534 -Exactly. 00:04:34.534 --> 00:04:36.367 That is really critical to its design. 00:04:36.367 --> 00:04:38.901 So when soldiers would land on those beaches, 00:04:38.901 --> 00:04:40.734 they could unload the boat within seconds. 00:04:40.734 --> 00:04:43.334 It was a design by Andrew Higgins 00:04:43.334 --> 00:04:45.000 right here at Higgins Industries 00:04:45.000 --> 00:04:46.067 in New Orleans. 00:04:46.067 --> 00:04:48.501 -Were they important? -My gosh, yes. 00:04:48.501 --> 00:04:50.834 General Dwight Eisenhower, who later became 00:04:50.834 --> 00:04:52.601 President of the United States, said, 00:04:52.601 --> 00:04:55.400 "Boats like these won the war for us." 00:04:55.400 --> 00:04:56.434 But you know what? 00:04:56.434 --> 00:04:57.701 That's a story for another time. 00:04:57.701 --> 00:04:59.200 I'm getting ahead of myself. 00:04:59.200 --> 00:05:00.701 Let's go into the vault 00:05:00.701 --> 00:05:02.601 where most of the museum's collection is held 00:05:02.601 --> 00:05:04.501 and learn a little bit more about history 00:05:04.501 --> 00:05:06.267 and the study of World War II. 00:05:09.567 --> 00:05:10.801 All right, guys. 00:05:10.801 --> 00:05:12.834 Right now we are in the museum's vault, 00:05:12.834 --> 00:05:14.701 where we house some of the museum's 00:05:14.701 --> 00:05:18.167 160,000 artifacts we have in our collection. 00:05:18.167 --> 00:05:20.300 Just a little bit of those are actually on view here 00:05:20.300 --> 00:05:21.834 at the museum. 00:05:21.834 --> 00:05:25.100 Now, being in a museum that's totally dedicated to history, 00:05:25.100 --> 00:05:28.634 and you all study history for years and years in school, 00:05:28.634 --> 00:05:30.534 we all know that history is important, right? 00:05:30.534 --> 00:05:32.567 But why is it important? 00:05:32.567 --> 00:05:35.234 -So we learn from our mistakes and we don't repeat them. 00:05:35.234 --> 00:05:37.400 -But also to learn from the good things 00:05:37.400 --> 00:05:40.200 that happened in the past so we can repeat them. 00:05:40.200 --> 00:05:43.567 -History also shows how much has happened over the years. 00:05:43.567 --> 00:05:46.334 -Yeah, and I think you guys are all correct on that, 00:05:46.334 --> 00:05:48.534 but I'm going to add one more point. 00:05:48.534 --> 00:05:52.601 History is full of the best stories ever told, 00:05:52.601 --> 00:05:55.234 and on whatever topic that you really enjoy, 00:05:55.234 --> 00:05:59.267 whether it's art, music, war, sports, 00:05:59.267 --> 00:06:01.067 movies, science -- you name it, 00:06:01.067 --> 00:06:03.467 there is a history of that certain topic, 00:06:03.467 --> 00:06:06.167 and if you research it and study it and learn all about it, 00:06:06.167 --> 00:06:08.334 it'll enhance your enjoyment of that topic. 00:06:08.334 --> 00:06:09.734 Another question for you all. 00:06:09.734 --> 00:06:11.834 So, we know history is important, 00:06:11.834 --> 00:06:14.467 but what is history, exactly? 00:06:14.467 --> 00:06:18.834 -Oh, history is what had happened in the past. 00:06:18.834 --> 00:06:22.601 -So what you ate for breakfast, is that history? 00:06:22.601 --> 00:06:24.033 -Well... -No. 00:06:24.033 --> 00:06:25.868 -Yeah, I know. That's a tough one, right? 00:06:25.868 --> 00:06:29.300 So, history actually is not just the past. 00:06:29.300 --> 00:06:30.834 It's the study of the past. 00:06:30.834 --> 00:06:34.968 If no one writes about it or researches or studies it, 00:06:34.968 --> 00:06:36.367 then it's just the past. 00:06:36.367 --> 00:06:39.501 It's not history, technically. 00:06:39.501 --> 00:06:41.701 One more kind of tough question for you all. 00:06:41.701 --> 00:06:45.667 So, you know, we use different kinds of materials 00:06:45.667 --> 00:06:47.167 to discover the past. 00:06:47.167 --> 00:06:48.701 What kind of materials could those be 00:06:48.701 --> 00:06:50.300 to learn all about the past? 00:06:50.300 --> 00:06:52.133 -Well, like all the stuff you have here in the vault. 00:06:52.133 --> 00:06:54.367 -Yeah, exactly. Okay. 00:06:54.367 --> 00:06:58.367 So all this stuff, whether it's letters or manuscripts, diaries, 00:06:58.367 --> 00:07:01.334 uniforms, we've got leather saddles above us -- 00:07:01.334 --> 00:07:02.934 all of these kinds of things, yes. 00:07:02.934 --> 00:07:05.033 What do we call those things in school? 00:07:05.033 --> 00:07:07.200 -Primary sources. -Yeah! 00:07:07.200 --> 00:07:08.801 You got it, primary sources. 00:07:08.801 --> 00:07:10.701 What are primary sources? 00:07:10.701 --> 00:07:12.167 What do they do? 00:07:12.167 --> 00:07:14.434 -Well, they're certain things that were created in the past 00:07:14.434 --> 00:07:15.934 that we use to study. 00:07:15.934 --> 00:07:19.200 -Exactly. Primary sources help enhance our understanding 00:07:19.200 --> 00:07:23.167 of that certain time period of an event in the past. 00:07:23.167 --> 00:07:24.868 Now, here's kind of a cool thing. 00:07:24.868 --> 00:07:28.501 Sometimes the best primary sources are living people. 00:07:28.501 --> 00:07:30.367 -People can be primary sources? 00:07:30.367 --> 00:07:32.634 -Yeah. People can be primary sources. 00:07:32.634 --> 00:07:35.167 If they witnessed or experienced an event in history 00:07:35.167 --> 00:07:36.767 and tell about it, yeah, 00:07:36.767 --> 00:07:38.467 that's definitely a primary source. 00:07:38.467 --> 00:07:40.334 And since World War II, 00:07:40.334 --> 00:07:43.601 in the grand scheme of things, wasn't that long ago in history, 00:07:43.601 --> 00:07:46.000 you know, 70, 75 years ago, 00:07:46.000 --> 00:07:47.434 sometimes, as I said, 00:07:47.434 --> 00:07:49.467 the best primary sources are the people who lived them, 00:07:49.467 --> 00:07:51.267 and they're still alive today. 00:07:51.267 --> 00:07:54.467 And, actually, I have a mission for you all related to that. 00:07:54.467 --> 00:07:56.067 What you're going to be doing today is going 00:07:56.067 --> 00:07:57.667 throughout the museum, 00:07:57.667 --> 00:08:01.100 learning about the lives of students during World War II, 00:08:01.100 --> 00:08:03.834 how students were affected by the war 00:08:03.834 --> 00:08:06.067 and how they helped out on the home front. 00:08:06.067 --> 00:08:08.801 But the thing is, you won't be going at it alone. 00:08:08.801 --> 00:08:10.667 You'll be going with a museum volunteer 00:08:10.667 --> 00:08:13.334 who was actually a kid during World War II, 00:08:13.334 --> 00:08:14.934 and they'll be leading you through, 00:08:14.934 --> 00:08:18.467 giving you guys insights on what life was like for them, 00:08:18.467 --> 00:08:20.100 and so they're your first primary source, 00:08:20.100 --> 00:08:22.367 and you're going to encounter many more as you go through. 00:08:22.367 --> 00:08:24.334 So you guys ready to go? -Yeah! 00:08:24.334 --> 00:08:26.033 -All right, Let's go! 00:08:28.467 --> 00:08:30.300 -I'm now joined here with Kenneth Hoffman. 00:08:30.300 --> 00:08:31.634 He's the Director of Education 00:08:31.634 --> 00:08:34.000 at the National World War II Museum. 00:08:34.000 --> 00:08:36.300 Kenneth, history books are filled with stories 00:08:36.300 --> 00:08:40.267 of presidents, generals, and adults. 00:08:40.267 --> 00:08:42.033 Did kids have a part in history? 00:08:42.033 --> 00:08:44.300 -Kids absolutely have a part in history, 00:08:44.300 --> 00:08:47.501 which is why I'm really glad that all you kids out there 00:08:47.501 --> 00:08:49.734 and your teachers are watching today. 00:08:49.734 --> 00:08:51.767 Now, at the National World War II Museum, 00:08:51.767 --> 00:08:54.501 we tell one of the biggest stories in history, 00:08:54.501 --> 00:08:57.133 the biggest war in history, World War II, 00:08:57.133 --> 00:09:02.434 and it was a story that affected everybody, old and young alike. 00:09:02.434 --> 00:09:06.033 So kids definitely played a part in World War II. 00:09:06.033 --> 00:09:08.100 -Kids helped the outcome? 00:09:08.100 --> 00:09:10.834 -Kids helped the outcome, and that's what we're going to see. 00:09:10.834 --> 00:09:15.067 We're sending our four student reporters through the museum 00:09:15.067 --> 00:09:17.934 with people who were kids during the war 00:09:17.934 --> 00:09:20.033 to hear those stories firsthand. 00:09:20.033 --> 00:09:21.300 -Kids are part of history. 00:09:21.300 --> 00:09:23.133 They're a part of this broadcast, too. 00:09:23.133 --> 00:09:24.801 Before our student reporters head off 00:09:24.801 --> 00:09:26.100 to different parts of the museum 00:09:26.100 --> 00:09:28.100 to meet up with their special tour guides, 00:09:28.100 --> 00:09:30.434 we have a question for you. 00:09:30.434 --> 00:09:33.567 How often do you learn about children your age 00:09:33.567 --> 00:09:35.300 in social studies class? 00:09:35.300 --> 00:09:41.400 A, never, B, not very often, C, often, D, all the time. 00:09:41.400 --> 00:09:44.968 Text your answer -- A for "never," B for "not very often," 00:09:44.968 --> 00:09:49.434 C for "often," and D for "all the time," to 22333. 00:09:49.434 --> 00:09:51.701 You can also answer on your computer. 00:09:51.701 --> 00:09:53.167 We'll check to see how you responded 00:09:53.167 --> 00:09:55.000 in just a little while. 00:09:55.000 --> 00:09:57.100 But now it's time to catch up with Chris, 00:09:57.100 --> 00:10:00.801 who is in the home front gallery with a very special guest. 00:10:06.334 --> 00:10:09.400 -One exhibit at the National World War II Museum 00:10:09.400 --> 00:10:11.100 is all about the home front. 00:10:11.100 --> 00:10:13.734 It explains how the people who were home in America 00:10:13.734 --> 00:10:15.834 during the war, including kids, 00:10:15.834 --> 00:10:17.400 kept informed about the war 00:10:17.400 --> 00:10:18.767 and about how they could do things 00:10:18.767 --> 00:10:20.234 to help in the war effort. 00:10:20.234 --> 00:10:23.901 Museum volunteer Joyce Dunn was in elementary school 00:10:23.901 --> 00:10:25.400 when the war started. 00:10:25.400 --> 00:10:29.734 -When the Japanese attacked the United States at Pearl Harbor, 00:10:29.734 --> 00:10:32.434 America was suddenly at war. 00:10:32.434 --> 00:10:34.000 What do you remember about that day? 00:10:34.000 --> 00:10:35.968 -Oh, I remember it so much. 00:10:35.968 --> 00:10:39.334 My mother had the radio on, and I'll never forget that day 00:10:39.334 --> 00:10:41.133 when she looked and said, 00:10:41.133 --> 00:10:43.667 "We're at war. Pearl Harbor has been bombed." 00:10:43.667 --> 00:10:46.834 She told us, that that was part of America that was bombed. 00:10:46.834 --> 00:10:48.033 -During World War II, 00:10:48.033 --> 00:10:51.067 42 million kids were on home front. 00:10:51.067 --> 00:10:53.167 What was it like for kids back then? 00:10:53.167 --> 00:10:55.801 -Well, one thing we did was we could write our relatives 00:10:55.801 --> 00:10:57.300 who were in the war, 00:10:57.300 --> 00:10:59.868 and I can remember vividly writing 00:10:59.868 --> 00:11:02.000 these V-mails to my uncle 00:11:02.000 --> 00:11:04.267 and also to my cousin, 00:11:04.267 --> 00:11:05.501 and that meant a lot to them, 00:11:05.501 --> 00:11:08.501 that they would receive mail from us. 00:11:08.501 --> 00:11:11.000 -When the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor, 00:11:11.000 --> 00:11:14.033 I understand that everything changed. 00:11:14.033 --> 00:11:15.667 What type of things changed? 00:11:15.667 --> 00:11:17.234 -Quite a bit changed. 00:11:17.234 --> 00:11:19.267 First of all, the food we could eat, 00:11:19.267 --> 00:11:21.367 everything was rationed. 00:11:21.367 --> 00:11:23.334 My mother would have to have -- 00:11:23.334 --> 00:11:27.501 go get a ration book, and that was the main concern, 00:11:27.501 --> 00:11:29.701 about the food and the ration. 00:11:29.701 --> 00:11:34.033 -Everything changed, including pennies, as I see here. 00:11:34.033 --> 00:11:38.033 Instead of copper pennies, back then, you used steel pennies. 00:11:38.033 --> 00:11:40.834 -That's right, because copper was really needed, 00:11:40.834 --> 00:11:43.834 a commodity for the war, because it was used for wiring. 00:11:43.834 --> 00:11:46.634 It conducts electricity, and it was very important. 00:11:46.634 --> 00:11:50.501 So copper was no longer used in 1943. 00:11:50.501 --> 00:11:54.100 The government found a way to use steel pennies. 00:11:54.100 --> 00:11:55.567 You see right here? 00:11:55.567 --> 00:11:58.601 I have a steel penny, and if you notice, it's magnetic, 00:11:58.601 --> 00:11:59.968 and if we had a copper penny, 00:11:59.968 --> 00:12:02.367 I could show you that it wouldn't be magnetic. 00:12:02.367 --> 00:12:04.200 -I have a copper penny right here. 00:12:04.200 --> 00:12:06.267 -Yes. You see? 00:12:06.267 --> 00:12:07.901 Okay. 00:12:07.901 --> 00:12:10.267 And then if you see, if you try and use it, it doesn't stick 00:12:10.267 --> 00:12:13.467 because it is not magnetic like the steel, 00:12:13.467 --> 00:12:16.167 and that is the reason why, in 1943, 00:12:16.167 --> 00:12:18.234 the government changed to the steel penny 00:12:18.234 --> 00:12:21.033 in order to save the copper. 00:12:21.033 --> 00:12:22.467 -During World War II, 00:12:22.467 --> 00:12:26.467 I understand that there was no TV, no Internet, 00:12:26.467 --> 00:12:27.868 no video games. 00:12:27.868 --> 00:12:30.868 So what did you use to get all your information? 00:12:30.868 --> 00:12:32.100 -Well, first of all, 00:12:32.100 --> 00:12:33.968 we used the newsreel at the movie theater, 00:12:33.968 --> 00:12:36.968 but also they had war posters all around. 00:12:36.968 --> 00:12:39.000 They called them propaganda posters, 00:12:39.000 --> 00:12:43.634 and these posters were made to unite us. 00:12:43.634 --> 00:12:46.968 -Because so much equipment had to be made and so many men 00:12:46.968 --> 00:12:50.067 who worked in the factories were now fighting in the war, 00:12:50.067 --> 00:12:53.167 the government called on women to take their place. 00:12:53.167 --> 00:12:55.100 They were given a special nickname. 00:12:55.100 --> 00:13:00.100 What about the famous propaganda poster about Rosie the Riveter? 00:13:00.100 --> 00:13:02.234 -Well, you see, during the war, the men went off, 00:13:02.234 --> 00:13:05.100 and so they needed someone to service 00:13:05.100 --> 00:13:07.567 and make the tanks and make everything, 00:13:07.567 --> 00:13:10.901 and so what happened, the women went to war at home, 00:13:10.901 --> 00:13:13.400 and it was known as Rosie the Riveter. 00:13:13.400 --> 00:13:15.767 -This little girl looks like she would be the same age 00:13:15.767 --> 00:13:18.434 as you during World War II, Ms. Joyce. 00:13:18.434 --> 00:13:21.667 Why does she have a teapot, a bicycle tire, and shoes? 00:13:21.667 --> 00:13:23.901 -The reason why, we were scrapping during the war. 00:13:23.901 --> 00:13:26.934 You'll notice rubber from the shoes, 00:13:26.934 --> 00:13:29.934 and all these things were sent to help the war. 00:13:29.934 --> 00:13:31.400 There was also fat. 00:13:31.400 --> 00:13:33.534 When you fry bacon or other things, 00:13:33.534 --> 00:13:35.000 the fat would go in here. 00:13:35.000 --> 00:13:37.601 Your mom or your dad would take this to the butcher, 00:13:37.601 --> 00:13:40.067 and then they would send it to a certain place, 00:13:40.067 --> 00:13:42.100 and they would use it for glycerin 00:13:42.100 --> 00:13:43.968 or nitroglycerin later on. 00:13:43.968 --> 00:13:46.634 So this was very important, the fats during the war, 00:13:46.634 --> 00:13:50.367 because they were used very much for ammunition. 00:13:50.367 --> 00:13:53.033 -Bacon fat was used to make bombs? 00:13:53.033 --> 00:13:54.100 -Absolutely. 00:13:54.100 --> 00:13:55.567 Isn't that strange? 00:13:55.567 --> 00:13:58.634 But it was a very important part of the home front. 00:13:58.634 --> 00:14:01.434 These are the things we did to help the war. 00:14:01.434 --> 00:14:04.634 -Another way to help out was buying war stamps? 00:14:04.634 --> 00:14:05.901 -Oh, yes. 00:14:05.901 --> 00:14:08.100 This was very important during the war. 00:14:08.100 --> 00:14:09.968 -How do these stamps work? 00:14:09.968 --> 00:14:11.467 -Well, Chris, this is how it did. 00:14:11.467 --> 00:14:13.133 This is a war bond book. 00:14:13.133 --> 00:14:16.734 For 10 cents, you would fill in every blank, 00:14:16.734 --> 00:14:19.434 and when the pages were filled, 00:14:19.434 --> 00:14:23.501 it was $18.70, and then you would turn it in, 00:14:23.501 --> 00:14:26.067 and you would get a $25 war bond. 00:14:26.067 --> 00:14:28.667 The savings bond was so essential 00:14:28.667 --> 00:14:30.834 because just think of all the tanks, 00:14:30.834 --> 00:14:33.968 the airplanes, everything that was needed during the war, 00:14:33.968 --> 00:14:36.567 and so how was it -- how did we get the money? 00:14:36.567 --> 00:14:37.934 War bonds. 00:14:37.934 --> 00:14:42.400 All the money that was collected from these bonds were used 00:14:42.400 --> 00:14:45.133 so that we could fight the war and win. 00:14:45.133 --> 00:14:46.234 -Thanks, Mrs. Joyce. 00:14:46.234 --> 00:14:47.901 You've helped us all understand 00:14:47.901 --> 00:14:50.467 how even folks on the home front, 00:14:50.467 --> 00:14:52.300 including kids like me, 00:14:52.300 --> 00:14:55.767 helped win the war and how we were all in this together. 00:14:55.767 --> 00:14:57.334 -Well, Chris, it's been my pleasure, 00:14:57.334 --> 00:15:00.400 and I think it's very important that children of your age 00:15:00.400 --> 00:15:03.267 remember how it was in those early days, 00:15:03.267 --> 00:15:08.400 because that was the war that really changed the 20th century, 00:15:08.400 --> 00:15:09.868 and here we are, free, 00:15:09.868 --> 00:15:12.868 and a lot of men and women died for our freedom, 00:15:12.868 --> 00:15:14.734 so we should always remember that. 00:15:17.868 --> 00:15:19.367 -I'm back here with Kenneth Hoffman, 00:15:19.367 --> 00:15:22.434 Director of Education at the National World War II Museum. 00:15:22.434 --> 00:15:25.367 Kenneth, breakfast to bombs? 00:15:25.367 --> 00:15:29.567 They took bacon grease and turned it into nitroglycerin? 00:15:29.567 --> 00:15:31.067 How does that happen? 00:15:31.067 --> 00:15:33.634 -This was something that kids definitely participated in. 00:15:33.634 --> 00:15:35.467 In the kitchen of most Americans, 00:15:35.467 --> 00:15:36.834 maybe almost all Americans, 00:15:36.834 --> 00:15:39.767 they would have something like this, a little grease can, 00:15:39.767 --> 00:15:41.667 and you would pour the grease 00:15:41.667 --> 00:15:43.434 from your frying pan 00:15:43.434 --> 00:15:45.634 into the grease can, 00:15:45.634 --> 00:15:49.100 and this filter would get all the little bits of meat out, 00:15:49.100 --> 00:15:51.567 and the grease would go in here. 00:15:51.567 --> 00:15:53.968 After a while, when it was all filled, 00:15:53.968 --> 00:15:57.434 you would bring this to school on fat-collecting day. 00:15:57.434 --> 00:15:59.467 -Fat-collecting day. -Absolutely. 00:15:59.467 --> 00:16:01.667 And then they would put it all in a big barrel, 00:16:01.667 --> 00:16:03.234 send it off to a factory, 00:16:03.234 --> 00:16:05.968 melt it down and take out the chemicals. 00:16:05.968 --> 00:16:08.567 Glycerin was the main chemical they would take out, 00:16:08.567 --> 00:16:11.400 and then they could turn that into nitroglycerin. 00:16:11.400 --> 00:16:13.968 -And that's turns into... -That's an explosive, 00:16:13.968 --> 00:16:16.133 and so you could use that for bombs. 00:16:16.133 --> 00:16:19.100 -Another thing that Ms. Joyce talked about was V-mail. 00:16:19.100 --> 00:16:21.767 We know what electronic mail is, e-mail. 00:16:21.767 --> 00:16:23.601 What does V-mail stand for? 00:16:23.601 --> 00:16:25.601 -Well, V-mail -- you saw the letter V 00:16:25.601 --> 00:16:27.801 all over the place during World War II. 00:16:27.801 --> 00:16:30.133 What do you guys think V stood for? 00:16:30.133 --> 00:16:32.434 Victory because we wanted to win the war, 00:16:32.434 --> 00:16:35.767 and so we didn't have cellphones back then. 00:16:35.767 --> 00:16:37.200 We didn't have the Internet. 00:16:37.200 --> 00:16:39.934 So people wrote letters and sent them in the mail. 00:16:39.934 --> 00:16:41.434 -Handwritten letters. 00:16:41.434 --> 00:16:43.367 -Handwritten letters, and if you wanted to send a letter 00:16:43.367 --> 00:16:44.667 to someone overseas 00:16:44.667 --> 00:16:46.601 or they wanted to send a letter to you, 00:16:46.601 --> 00:16:50.033 first, you would write it on a regular piece of paper. 00:16:50.033 --> 00:16:51.834 Then they would take a picture of it, 00:16:51.834 --> 00:16:53.701 and they would take a picture of all the letters 00:16:53.701 --> 00:16:56.434 so that on one small roll of film, 00:16:56.434 --> 00:16:58.634 they could have thousands of letters. 00:16:58.634 --> 00:17:00.968 They would send that across the ocean, 00:17:00.968 --> 00:17:04.133 and then they would develop the film 00:17:04.133 --> 00:17:06.734 into a little picture of the letter, 00:17:06.734 --> 00:17:07.934 and this is V-mail. 00:17:07.934 --> 00:17:09.067 -So they actually shrunk the letter. 00:17:09.067 --> 00:17:10.667 -They shrunk it down. 00:17:10.667 --> 00:17:13.601 You would need a magnifying glass to read this, 00:17:13.601 --> 00:17:17.701 but it was a way to communicate across the whole world 00:17:17.701 --> 00:17:19.601 much better than regular mail. 00:17:19.601 --> 00:17:21.467 They were very creative 00:17:21.467 --> 00:17:24.167 in how they wrote letters to each other. 00:17:24.167 --> 00:17:26.133 -Because they didn't have texts like we do. 00:17:26.133 --> 00:17:28.400 So let's take a look at how you are texting us. 00:17:28.400 --> 00:17:30.801 Let's take a look at your answers to the poll questions. 00:17:30.801 --> 00:17:34.067 How often do you learn about children your age 00:17:34.067 --> 00:17:35.934 in social studies class? 00:17:35.934 --> 00:17:40.801 71% of you said, "Not very often." 00:17:40.801 --> 00:17:42.901 14% said, "Never." 00:17:42.901 --> 00:17:45.634 Well, that has all changed today, hasn't it? 00:17:45.634 --> 00:17:47.634 Since we're talking about what kids did 00:17:47.634 --> 00:17:50.300 to help win the war during World War II. 00:17:50.300 --> 00:17:53.400 We have a question right now from one of our viewers. 00:17:53.400 --> 00:17:55.834 "Was Rosie the Riveter an actual person?" 00:17:55.834 --> 00:17:57.434 This is from the Micro School students 00:17:57.434 --> 00:17:58.934 in New Orleans, Louisiana. 00:17:58.934 --> 00:18:00.300 -Awesome. 00:18:00.300 --> 00:18:02.167 Well, it is wonderful to get a question like that, 00:18:02.167 --> 00:18:03.501 and the answer is, 00:18:03.501 --> 00:18:08.334 Rosie the Riveter was not an actual woman. 00:18:08.334 --> 00:18:12.234 She was all women who went to work in factories 00:18:12.234 --> 00:18:13.801 during World War II 00:18:13.801 --> 00:18:16.167 to help build the tanks and the planes 00:18:16.167 --> 00:18:18.434 and some of the things you see around the museum, 00:18:18.434 --> 00:18:19.934 but you're going to hear more about 00:18:19.934 --> 00:18:22.234 that a little later in the program. 00:18:22.234 --> 00:18:23.834 -We'll find out more about Rosie. 00:18:23.834 --> 00:18:25.901 We'll also have another question for you in a few minutes. 00:18:25.901 --> 00:18:27.200 And remember to e-mail 00:18:27.200 --> 00:18:31.501 us your questions at fieldtrips@wyes.org. 00:18:31.501 --> 00:18:33.200 But now we're going to the victory garden 00:18:33.200 --> 00:18:35.601 here at the museum to meet up with Eliana 00:18:35.601 --> 00:18:38.467 and museum volunteer Ronnie Abboud. 00:18:43.834 --> 00:18:46.767 -Growing our own vegetables and herbs is a healthy thing to do, 00:18:46.767 --> 00:18:49.400 but it also tastes fresher, and it's fun. 00:18:49.400 --> 00:18:51.934 But during the war, people grew their own gardens, 00:18:51.934 --> 00:18:53.767 which they called victory gardens, 00:18:53.767 --> 00:18:55.033 not only for fresh food 00:18:55.033 --> 00:18:57.400 but also to make up for food shortages. 00:18:57.400 --> 00:19:00.300 Americans planted more than 20 million victory gardens 00:19:00.300 --> 00:19:01.801 across the country. 00:19:01.801 --> 00:19:04.367 These gardens produced 40% of the vegetables grown 00:19:04.367 --> 00:19:06.234 in the U.S. during the war years. 00:19:06.234 --> 00:19:09.434 In 1944 alone, the vegetables grown in victory gardens 00:19:09.434 --> 00:19:11.834 weighed more than 8 million tons. 00:19:11.834 --> 00:19:14.334 Growing food at home meant there was more food available 00:19:14.334 --> 00:19:16.367 to send to our troops overseas. 00:19:16.367 --> 00:19:18.767 It's estimated that an army of 1 million men 00:19:18.767 --> 00:19:22.667 consumed than a million pounds of food every day. 00:19:22.667 --> 00:19:24.701 I'm here at the museum victory garden 00:19:24.701 --> 00:19:28.300 with Ronnie Abboud, who was a kid during World War II. 00:19:28.300 --> 00:19:30.200 Now, I know so many servicemen and women 00:19:30.200 --> 00:19:31.834 were sent food during the war, 00:19:31.834 --> 00:19:33.801 and so I guess there was less on the grocery shelves, 00:19:33.801 --> 00:19:37.033 so how did everyone get their fair share of food? 00:19:37.033 --> 00:19:38.467 -Well, there was rationing. 00:19:38.467 --> 00:19:40.634 There was a thing called a rationing book. 00:19:40.634 --> 00:19:43.367 In addition to that, we had a victory garden, 00:19:43.367 --> 00:19:45.701 where you grew your own fruits and vegetables 00:19:45.701 --> 00:19:47.501 in the backyard or on the side of the house. 00:19:47.501 --> 00:19:49.367 That was pretty common in the neighborhood, 00:19:49.367 --> 00:19:51.934 but with the ration book, when you went to the store 00:19:51.934 --> 00:19:55.267 to buy an item that was limited or rationed, 00:19:55.267 --> 00:19:56.834 you had to have a coupon, 00:19:56.834 --> 00:19:59.634 and you'd pay the regular item for the price at the grocer, 00:19:59.634 --> 00:20:02.801 but then you had to give the grocer a stamp 00:20:02.801 --> 00:20:05.267 out of the coupon book itself, and you had to be very careful 00:20:05.267 --> 00:20:07.267 because if you used up all your coupons, 00:20:07.267 --> 00:20:11.067 if you weren't careful over the month how you used them, 00:20:11.067 --> 00:20:12.434 you'd run out of them, 00:20:12.434 --> 00:20:13.801 and then you couldn't get any more items 00:20:13.801 --> 00:20:15.667 until the next month. 00:20:15.667 --> 00:20:18.534 -So did everyone get -- every American get one, even kids? 00:20:18.534 --> 00:20:19.367 -Even kids? 00:20:19.367 --> 00:20:21.334 Absolutely even kids. 00:20:21.334 --> 00:20:23.400 -So was every single food rationed? 00:20:23.400 --> 00:20:25.400 -Not every food, but a lot of foods were. 00:20:25.400 --> 00:20:30.534 For example, sugar was very valuable, a sugar coupon, 00:20:30.534 --> 00:20:32.367 but even if you didn't have a coupon book, 00:20:32.367 --> 00:20:33.601 there were limitations 00:20:33.601 --> 00:20:35.133 on what you could get in the neighborhood. 00:20:35.133 --> 00:20:37.501 -Like you said, you also had your victory garden. 00:20:37.501 --> 00:20:38.701 -Yes. 00:20:38.701 --> 00:20:40.033 -So you even had your own food at home, 00:20:40.033 --> 00:20:41.501 so I guess that made things a little easier. 00:20:41.501 --> 00:20:43.300 -Well, it did help, because my mom, 00:20:43.300 --> 00:20:45.567 in particular, nurtured over the garden, 00:20:45.567 --> 00:20:48.467 making sure that everything was cared for and taken, 00:20:48.467 --> 00:20:51.501 and then when it came time to pick the fruits 00:20:51.501 --> 00:20:53.834 and the vegetables, we did eat, brought them inside. 00:20:53.834 --> 00:20:56.901 And in addition to that, we had a couple of chickens, 00:20:56.901 --> 00:20:59.634 and so we had a couple of eggs on occasion, 00:20:59.634 --> 00:21:02.067 and we also had a pet duck. 00:21:02.067 --> 00:21:03.300 I had a pet duck. 00:21:03.300 --> 00:21:06.801 His name was Herbie, and at one point, 00:21:06.801 --> 00:21:09.400 my dad said the duck ran away, 00:21:09.400 --> 00:21:12.200 and I never could figure that out, 00:21:12.200 --> 00:21:14.467 but I think my dad maybe wasn't being 100% truthful. 00:21:14.467 --> 00:21:17.901 -[ Laughs ] Maybe not. 00:21:17.901 --> 00:21:20.334 -Why do you think there were some limitations 00:21:20.334 --> 00:21:21.667 on some things? 00:21:21.667 --> 00:21:24.200 For example, tomatoes, some of them were canned, 00:21:24.200 --> 00:21:25.667 some of them were not. 00:21:25.667 --> 00:21:28.000 Fresh tomatoes were okay, but canned goods were limited. 00:21:28.000 --> 00:21:29.400 Why do you think that was? 00:21:29.400 --> 00:21:31.601 -Well, I know that canned goods last longer 00:21:31.601 --> 00:21:33.434 so you could actually send those overseas 00:21:33.434 --> 00:21:35.367 to all the people that were fighting. 00:21:35.367 --> 00:21:36.834 -And it was a heck of a lot of people. 00:21:36.834 --> 00:21:40.400 16 million men put on the uniform of the United States, 00:21:40.400 --> 00:21:43.067 hundreds of thousands of women also went into military service, 00:21:43.067 --> 00:21:45.400 so there was a lot of people that had to be fed 00:21:45.400 --> 00:21:47.467 and clothed and taken care of. 00:21:47.467 --> 00:21:49.901 -So did you start your garden before the war 00:21:49.901 --> 00:21:51.734 or during the war? 00:21:51.734 --> 00:21:54.167 -To my memory, we did not start it before the war. 00:21:54.167 --> 00:21:55.667 After the morning of December the 7th, 00:21:55.667 --> 00:21:58.400 after Pearl Harbor, 00:21:58.400 --> 00:22:01.434 I can remember my mother cutting up the grass in the backyard 00:22:01.434 --> 00:22:03.067 and digging a trench, 00:22:03.067 --> 00:22:05.267 and my dad also helping, 00:22:05.267 --> 00:22:08.501 and at the same time, she started planting seeds, 00:22:08.501 --> 00:22:11.267 and I would go out there and help her weed the garden. 00:22:11.267 --> 00:22:14.100 -Now, in my own garden, I focus more on herbs 00:22:14.100 --> 00:22:15.801 and spices, things to flavor my food, 00:22:15.801 --> 00:22:20.100 but in your garden, your goal was to feed a family. 00:22:20.100 --> 00:22:21.467 -Oh, positively. 00:22:21.467 --> 00:22:23.634 Well, it was an important part of the contribution 00:22:23.634 --> 00:22:25.100 to the war effort. 00:22:25.100 --> 00:22:28.501 You had to make sure that the more we could do at home, 00:22:28.501 --> 00:22:31.601 the better we could do to serve our men and women overseas. 00:22:31.601 --> 00:22:35.234 -Well, that sounds delicious. -It was a taste of victory. 00:22:35.234 --> 00:22:36.434 -I bet it was. 00:22:36.434 --> 00:22:38.133 Well, thank you so much, Mr. Ronnie, 00:22:38.133 --> 00:22:40.634 for sharing your memories of your victory garden. 00:22:40.634 --> 00:22:43.133 -Thank you. 00:22:45.667 --> 00:22:48.400 -Kenneth, what foods were rationed, 00:22:48.400 --> 00:22:50.300 and why were they rationed? 00:22:50.300 --> 00:22:52.167 -Well, foods were rationed during the war 00:22:52.167 --> 00:22:54.400 because there wasn't enough to go around. 00:22:54.400 --> 00:22:56.100 That's why you needed to ration. 00:22:56.100 --> 00:22:57.467 Some of the foods that were rationed -- 00:22:57.467 --> 00:23:00.434 meats were rationed, canned vegetables. 00:23:00.434 --> 00:23:02.434 You heard Ronnie talking about how hard it is 00:23:02.434 --> 00:23:07.467 to send a fresh tomato 7,000 miles across the ocean. 00:23:07.467 --> 00:23:09.968 Sugar was rationed. -No, not sugar. 00:23:09.968 --> 00:23:11.901 -Sugar was rationed, absolutely. 00:23:11.901 --> 00:23:14.234 A lot of the sugar came from South America. 00:23:14.234 --> 00:23:15.868 It had to come up by boat, 00:23:15.868 --> 00:23:19.167 and there were German submarines in the Gulf of Mexico 00:23:19.167 --> 00:23:20.834 that were sinking those ships. 00:23:20.834 --> 00:23:22.601 -Wow. -So, yeah, sugar was rationed. 00:23:22.601 --> 00:23:25.634 But they found ways to sweeten their food without sugar. 00:23:25.634 --> 00:23:27.634 How do you think they did it? 00:23:27.634 --> 00:23:28.834 -Honey. I'm going to guess honey. 00:23:28.834 --> 00:23:29.667 -Honey is a way. 00:23:29.667 --> 00:23:31.334 Also, molasses is another way. 00:23:31.334 --> 00:23:32.734 -Molasses? -That's right. 00:23:32.734 --> 00:23:34.767 So people were creative in finding substitutes. 00:23:34.767 --> 00:23:36.868 -Were families going without food? 00:23:36.868 --> 00:23:39.067 Were people hungry because of rationing? 00:23:39.067 --> 00:23:42.667 -It was very important that everyone stayed very healthy. 00:23:42.667 --> 00:23:46.701 The more you eat, the healthier you will be, 00:23:46.701 --> 00:23:49.367 so you had to be healthy to win the war, 00:23:49.367 --> 00:23:52.567 either to be a soldier or to go into the factories to work 00:23:52.567 --> 00:23:54.033 or to be a kid 00:23:54.033 --> 00:23:56.534 to help win the war effort in the way that kids did, 00:23:56.534 --> 00:23:58.200 and we're going to hear more about that in just a minute. 00:23:58.200 --> 00:24:00.300 -How did they use this ration book? 00:24:00.300 --> 00:24:01.934 -Well, here's a ration book. 00:24:01.934 --> 00:24:05.934 It was given to Joseph Parone, here in New Orleans. 00:24:05.934 --> 00:24:09.300 He was 8 years old, and they probably gave this 00:24:09.300 --> 00:24:11.300 to his mom or dad, 00:24:11.300 --> 00:24:14.968 and inside are little stamps that you can tear out, 00:24:14.968 --> 00:24:18.133 and when you would go to the grocery store, up on the shelf, 00:24:18.133 --> 00:24:20.200 if there was a food that was rationed, 00:24:20.200 --> 00:24:22.767 it would have a sign telling you how much it cost. 00:24:22.767 --> 00:24:24.767 Let's say a can of tomatoes -- 00:24:24.767 --> 00:24:27.467 18 cents for a can of tomatoes back then -- 00:24:27.467 --> 00:24:29.734 but also 10 ration points. 00:24:29.734 --> 00:24:30.968 So when you went to buy it, 00:24:30.968 --> 00:24:33.734 you would give the grocer the money, 00:24:33.734 --> 00:24:36.434 and you would have to tear out stamps out of your book. 00:24:36.434 --> 00:24:38.767 -And you'd have to plan ahead. -That's right. 00:24:38.767 --> 00:24:41.334 If you ran out of stamps by the end of the month, 00:24:41.334 --> 00:24:43.801 you couldn't buy any more of those rationed foods 00:24:43.801 --> 00:24:45.734 until you got your new ration book. 00:24:45.734 --> 00:24:47.868 -Okay. Here's another question for you. 00:24:47.868 --> 00:24:50.400 Lots of food were rationed or were unavailable 00:24:50.400 --> 00:24:51.968 during World War II. 00:24:51.968 --> 00:24:55.133 What food would you find the hardest to give up? 00:24:55.133 --> 00:24:57.133 What food would be the hardest for you to give up? 00:24:57.133 --> 00:25:01.801 A, chocolate, B, hamburgers, C, pizza, D, fruit. 00:25:01.801 --> 00:25:04.734 Text A for chocolate, B for hamburgers, 00:25:04.734 --> 00:25:09.534 C for pizza, or D for fruit, to 22333. 00:25:09.534 --> 00:25:12.100 We'll check back in a little while to see what would be 00:25:12.100 --> 00:25:14.200 the hardest for most of you to give up. 00:25:14.200 --> 00:25:15.801 We're looking for your answers. 00:25:15.801 --> 00:25:18.367 We have an answer for your question. 00:25:18.367 --> 00:25:21.801 "Who is in charge of getting ration coupons to the people?" 00:25:21.801 --> 00:25:23.033 That's from Country Day students. 00:25:23.033 --> 00:25:24.400 -That's a great question. 00:25:24.400 --> 00:25:28.000 Every town, every city would have ration boards, 00:25:28.000 --> 00:25:30.834 people elected or chosen from the community, 00:25:30.834 --> 00:25:33.133 to organize this great effort. 00:25:33.133 --> 00:25:35.167 We had, you know, over 100 million people 00:25:35.167 --> 00:25:38.267 who had to get one of these books every few months, 00:25:38.267 --> 00:25:41.100 and so you would have to line up at a certain date 00:25:41.100 --> 00:25:43.667 downtown in your town or city, 00:25:43.667 --> 00:25:45.300 and you would sign for your book, 00:25:45.300 --> 00:25:46.767 and they would hand it over to you, 00:25:46.767 --> 00:25:49.734 and it says on the back, "Make sure not to lose it." 00:25:49.734 --> 00:25:51.067 -Don't lose it. 00:25:51.067 --> 00:25:53.033 All part of what was going on in the home front. 00:25:53.033 --> 00:25:54.434 Here in the U.S. Freedom Pavilion, 00:25:54.434 --> 00:25:57.133 the Boeing Center, where we are standing right now, 00:25:57.133 --> 00:25:59.701 you can see the types of machines and equipment 00:25:59.701 --> 00:26:02.667 used in the war -- tanks and trucks and planes -- 00:26:02.667 --> 00:26:04.601 and, of course, there were ships, too. 00:26:04.601 --> 00:26:08.133 During the war, more than 300,000 planes were built. 00:26:08.133 --> 00:26:10.434 More than 100,000 ships. 00:26:10.434 --> 00:26:13.467 Tanks and armored vehicles numbered 100,000. 00:26:13.467 --> 00:26:17.234 Vehicles of all kinds totaled 2 1/2 million. 00:26:17.234 --> 00:26:19.634 and guess how many rounds of ammo were made? 00:26:19.634 --> 00:26:21.534 41 billion. 00:26:21.534 --> 00:26:23.767 That's "billion" with a "B." 00:26:23.767 --> 00:26:27.167 Our reporter Miguel met up with museum Chair Jim Bryant 00:26:27.167 --> 00:26:30.300 here in the pavilion to learn how all of this equipment 00:26:30.300 --> 00:26:33.400 was built from materials that kids helped collect. 00:26:33.400 --> 00:26:36.200 ♪♪ 00:26:39.133 --> 00:26:42.968 -In the National WWII Museum's US Freedom Pavilion, 00:26:42.968 --> 00:26:45.567 you can get a close-up look at the types of equipment 00:26:45.567 --> 00:26:48.534 used in the war, like tanks and planes. 00:26:48.534 --> 00:26:51.934 It took a lot of materials, like metal and rubber, 00:26:51.934 --> 00:26:57.300 to make war vehicles, aircrafts, ships, and ammunition, too. 00:26:57.300 --> 00:27:00.234 And kids during the war helped to collect the materials 00:27:00.234 --> 00:27:03.300 that were needed to make ammunition and equipment. 00:27:03.300 --> 00:27:07.267 Here with me is Mr. Jim Bryant, who has a kid 00:27:07.267 --> 00:27:09.701 spent most of his time collecting materials 00:27:09.701 --> 00:27:11.400 that could be used in the war. 00:27:11.400 --> 00:27:13.701 -Well, there was a lot going on in the home front, 00:27:13.701 --> 00:27:19.000 and it was all in support of our effort to win the war, 00:27:19.000 --> 00:27:21.667 both in Europe and the Pacific. 00:27:21.667 --> 00:27:26.767 One of the things that the entire country did, 00:27:26.767 --> 00:27:31.567 was to gather scrap -- metal, tin -- 00:27:31.567 --> 00:27:36.133 and bring it and give it to the government, 00:27:36.133 --> 00:27:40.100 and they would then take that and build wings 00:27:40.100 --> 00:27:42.267 of some of these airplanes you see here, 00:27:42.267 --> 00:27:47.267 or some of the tanks -- a lot of metal there. 00:27:47.267 --> 00:27:50.300 So, to understand -- 00:27:50.300 --> 00:27:53.400 it was an effort not only from the men 00:27:53.400 --> 00:27:54.667 that were in the uniform, 00:27:54.667 --> 00:27:56.968 both in Europe and in the Pacific, 00:27:56.968 --> 00:27:59.834 but every family back home. 00:27:59.834 --> 00:28:02.901 -So, I've heard you say "scrapping" a few times. 00:28:02.901 --> 00:28:05.467 What exactly does that mean? 00:28:05.467 --> 00:28:09.634 -Scrapping means gathering all kinds of different things 00:28:09.634 --> 00:28:11.601 and turning them into things 00:28:11.601 --> 00:28:13.601 that could be used in the war effort. 00:28:13.601 --> 00:28:17.667 -So scrapping is a lot like what we call "recycling." 00:28:17.667 --> 00:28:19.100 -A little bit. 00:28:19.100 --> 00:28:24.200 But it's using all the things that you find 00:28:24.200 --> 00:28:28.334 and redoing things to make something like this gas mask. 00:28:28.334 --> 00:28:30.400 One tire -- 12 gas masks. 00:28:30.400 --> 00:28:31.767 -What about this big tank? 00:28:31.767 --> 00:28:33.767 How much metal would be used for that? 00:28:33.767 --> 00:28:39.200 -18 tons of steel to put that thing together. 00:28:39.200 --> 00:28:42.200 -18 tons. That is a lot of metal. 00:28:42.200 --> 00:28:44.534 So, you scrapped other things 00:28:44.534 --> 00:28:47.067 besides metal and rubber, correct? 00:28:47.067 --> 00:28:48.567 -Yes. 00:28:48.567 --> 00:28:51.434 As a matter of fact, I can remember Mother, 00:28:51.434 --> 00:28:54.801 when she'd finish cooking the bacon in the morning, 00:28:54.801 --> 00:28:58.367 pouring the grease into a tin can. 00:28:58.367 --> 00:29:01.567 And you can take grease -- that's what that was, 00:29:01.567 --> 00:29:07.834 cooking grease -- and turning it into nitroglycerine. 00:29:07.834 --> 00:29:13.234 -So, what did you exactly do with nitroglycerine? 00:29:13.234 --> 00:29:15.901 -We made bombs out of it. 00:29:15.901 --> 00:29:18.033 Big, strong, heavy bombs 00:29:18.033 --> 00:29:20.234 that did awful lot of destruction. 00:29:21.701 --> 00:29:24.467 -So, did everybody across the country scrap, 00:29:24.467 --> 00:29:25.968 or what it just your neighborhood? 00:29:25.968 --> 00:29:29.367 -No, everybody across the country scrapped. 00:29:29.367 --> 00:29:33.400 I have a scrapbook here all about children scrapping. 00:29:33.400 --> 00:29:35.601 It's about a boy named Billy Michal 00:29:35.601 --> 00:29:37.634 from Zimmerman, Louisiana. 00:29:37.634 --> 00:29:39.901 He went to school in a one-room schoolhouse 00:29:39.901 --> 00:29:41.934 with only 11 other classmates. 00:29:41.934 --> 00:29:44.167 Well, Billy was actually chosen to attend the launch 00:29:44.167 --> 00:29:46.534 of a Liberty Ship here in New Orleans 00:29:46.534 --> 00:29:48.434 to represent his tiny school that won 00:29:48.434 --> 00:29:50.434 a statewide scrap contest. 00:29:50.434 --> 00:29:52.734 So Billy traveled to New Orleans for the first time 00:29:52.734 --> 00:29:55.133 and was treated to an inspection tour of the city 00:29:55.133 --> 00:30:00.167 in a Jeep and see the SS Leonidas Polk launch. 00:30:00.167 --> 00:30:03.133 -So Billy got into a Jeep just like this one? 00:30:03.133 --> 00:30:06.300 -Yes. Why don't you give it a shot? 00:30:06.300 --> 00:30:08.000 Hop in. 00:30:09.901 --> 00:30:12.834 -Thank you so much for taking me to the museum. 00:30:12.834 --> 00:30:15.901 It has been wonderful experiencing what a kid my age 00:30:15.901 --> 00:30:18.000 would go through during the war. 00:30:18.000 --> 00:30:19.167 -Thanks to you. 00:30:19.167 --> 00:30:20.601 You're very welcome. 00:30:20.601 --> 00:30:23.334 Come back to see us. It's a great, great museum. 00:30:28.200 --> 00:30:30.334 -I'm now joined by -- with Kim Guise. 00:30:30.334 --> 00:30:33.601 She is a curator here at the National WWII Museum. 00:30:33.601 --> 00:30:36.567 Kim, first of all, you're wearing white gloves. Why? 00:30:36.567 --> 00:30:39.701 -I am wearing white gloves, because here at the museum, 00:30:39.701 --> 00:30:43.868 we collect and display historic artifacts, 00:30:43.868 --> 00:30:47.868 and many times those are fragile and need special care, 00:30:47.868 --> 00:30:50.033 so we wear white gloves to protect them. 00:30:50.033 --> 00:30:52.167 -As you saw with Jim and Miguel, 00:30:52.167 --> 00:30:54.167 a lot of scrapping going on that turned into 00:30:54.167 --> 00:30:56.067 a lot of factory work. 00:30:56.067 --> 00:30:58.033 Who was working in those factories 00:30:58.033 --> 00:31:02.267 since a lot of men were out on the battlefronts? 00:31:02.267 --> 00:31:05.601 -Well, the labor force really changed during World War II. 00:31:05.601 --> 00:31:09.567 So, quite a few women went into new jobs, 00:31:09.567 --> 00:31:11.601 new opportunities that opened up 00:31:11.601 --> 00:31:14.000 in the factories. -Really? 00:31:14.000 --> 00:31:16.934 So moms that possibly were stay-at-home -- 00:31:16.934 --> 00:31:19.634 that was the majority of the population back then. 00:31:19.634 --> 00:31:20.934 Moms who were staying at home, 00:31:20.934 --> 00:31:22.734 they ended up going to factories, 00:31:22.734 --> 00:31:23.801 leaving their kids at home? 00:31:23.801 --> 00:31:25.033 -Yes. Even some moms. 00:31:25.033 --> 00:31:27.434 So, daycare programs were started 00:31:27.434 --> 00:31:29.968 during World War II, and women worked 00:31:29.968 --> 00:31:31.968 in different jobs and factories, as well. 00:31:31.968 --> 00:31:34.667 -And they wore that... -And they often wore these. 00:31:34.667 --> 00:31:37.834 So, this is a scarf right here that women wore, 00:31:37.834 --> 00:31:41.100 not just as a fashion statement but to protect their hair. 00:31:41.100 --> 00:31:43.834 So, long hair was a risk 00:31:43.834 --> 00:31:45.567 when you were working with heavy machinery. 00:31:45.567 --> 00:31:48.868 You didn't want your hair to get caught in the machinery, 00:31:48.868 --> 00:31:50.734 so you would tie it up with this scarf, 00:31:50.734 --> 00:31:51.901 like Rosie the Riveter. 00:31:51.901 --> 00:31:53.200 -Like Rosie the Riveter. 00:31:53.200 --> 00:31:55.100 Let's check on our poll question. 00:31:55.100 --> 00:31:59.300 What would be the hardest food for you to give up? 00:31:59.300 --> 00:32:02.033 Well, actually right now the tie has been broken. 00:32:02.033 --> 00:32:04.234 31% said chocolate. 00:32:04.234 --> 00:32:07.234 Pizza and fruit at 30%. 00:32:07.234 --> 00:32:09.200 Hamburgers at 9%. 00:32:09.200 --> 00:32:10.234 So it seems -- 00:32:10.234 --> 00:32:11.801 Now it's back to a three-way tie. 00:32:11.801 --> 00:32:13.868 Chocolate, pizza, and fruit all would be very hard 00:32:13.868 --> 00:32:15.100 for people to give up. 00:32:15.100 --> 00:32:16.801 One more question for you. 00:32:16.801 --> 00:32:21.200 Students like you scrapped for victory during World War II. 00:32:21.200 --> 00:32:23.400 Does your school have a student recycling program. 00:32:23.400 --> 00:32:26.000 Text "A" for "yes," "B" for "no." 00:32:26.000 --> 00:32:28.667 That's "A" for "yes," "B" for "no." 00:32:28.667 --> 00:32:31.634 Send us your answers and we'll get an answer for you. 00:32:31.634 --> 00:32:33.868 We have a viewer question coming up right here. 00:32:33.868 --> 00:32:35.701 Did schools have scrapping drives? 00:32:35.701 --> 00:32:37.567 That's from Tessa in New York. 00:32:37.567 --> 00:32:39.567 -Schools did have scrapping drives. 00:32:39.567 --> 00:32:44.501 So, schools were a big source of engaging children 00:32:44.501 --> 00:32:46.167 to work in these kinds of efforts. 00:32:46.167 --> 00:32:49.234 So they had paper drives, they had a program 00:32:49.234 --> 00:32:52.367 called Paper Troopers, and kids would form 00:32:52.367 --> 00:32:54.133 "paper platoons." -Paper Troopers? 00:32:54.133 --> 00:32:55.367 -Yes. 00:32:55.367 --> 00:32:58.400 So, they were actual units that would form together 00:32:58.400 --> 00:33:01.100 and collect paper and scrap metal 00:33:01.100 --> 00:33:03.501 and even large pieces. 00:33:03.501 --> 00:33:09.100 I know a volunteer here at the museum whose friend 00:33:09.100 --> 00:33:12.100 had a bulldozer that was broken, and they even included 00:33:12.100 --> 00:33:13.300 the bulldozer in the scrap drive. 00:33:13.300 --> 00:33:15.734 -Wait. They recycled a bulldozer... 00:33:15.734 --> 00:33:17.601 -An old broken bulldozer. 00:33:17.601 --> 00:33:20.601 And that of course won the scrap drive. 00:33:20.601 --> 00:33:23.300 You know, the other schools could not compete 00:33:23.300 --> 00:33:25.934 against the school that had the bulldozer, 00:33:25.934 --> 00:33:27.901 -Looks like everybody was doing the effort 00:33:27.901 --> 00:33:30.400 right there, in fact, scrapping a bulldozer 00:33:30.400 --> 00:33:31.834 to make a tank. 00:33:31.834 --> 00:33:34.133 Okay, let's go to the poll results right now. 00:33:34.133 --> 00:33:36.801 Let's take a quick look at your answers to our latest poll. 00:33:36.801 --> 00:33:40.868 Does your school have a student recycling program? 00:33:40.868 --> 00:33:44.367 70% say "yes." 00:33:44.367 --> 00:33:49.067 To the 30% that say "no," that's about to change. 00:33:49.067 --> 00:33:50.767 That coming up in a little while. 00:33:50.767 --> 00:33:52.734 Well, let's take a question right now 00:33:52.734 --> 00:33:54.067 from one of our viewers. 00:33:54.067 --> 00:33:57.033 Since women started working during World War II, 00:33:57.033 --> 00:34:00.634 did daycare and preschools become very popular? 00:34:00.634 --> 00:34:01.968 -They did. 00:34:01.968 --> 00:34:03.801 Daycare started during World War II 00:34:03.801 --> 00:34:04.801 and really took off. 00:34:04.801 --> 00:34:07.667 So, some factories even opened up 00:34:07.667 --> 00:34:11.434 factory daycares so you could leave your child 00:34:11.434 --> 00:34:15.234 at the daycare at the factory, or in the factory community, 00:34:15.234 --> 00:34:17.968 while you went off to work. So... 00:34:17.968 --> 00:34:20.767 -The war changed life for moms and for kids. 00:34:20.767 --> 00:34:21.834 -Indeed. -During the war, 00:34:21.834 --> 00:34:23.400 people worked together to save things 00:34:23.400 --> 00:34:25.667 like grease and metal that could all help 00:34:25.667 --> 00:34:27.634 in the war effort, but there was also time 00:34:27.634 --> 00:34:29.934 to enjoy music and movies and dancing. 00:34:29.934 --> 00:34:32.400 Our reporter Caroline joined museum volunteer 00:34:32.400 --> 00:34:35.033 Sylvia Murphy at BB's Stage Door Canteen 00:34:35.033 --> 00:34:37.567 for a performance of World War II songs 00:34:37.567 --> 00:34:39.133 by The Victory Belles. 00:34:39.133 --> 00:34:40.934 Let's go to the show. 00:34:40.934 --> 00:34:43.701 ♪♪ 00:34:45.968 --> 00:34:47.701 -The war changed movies, songs, 00:34:47.701 --> 00:34:49.901 and even cartoons and comic books. 00:34:49.901 --> 00:34:53.734 -Here at BB's Stage Door Canteen at the National WWII Museum, 00:34:53.734 --> 00:34:55.734 you can hear some of the music that was popular 00:34:55.734 --> 00:34:57.100 during World War II. 00:34:57.100 --> 00:34:59.033 Places like the Stage Door Canteen 00:34:59.033 --> 00:35:01.634 were set up all over the country for soldiers 00:35:01.634 --> 00:35:03.334 to relax and enjoy entertainment. 00:35:03.334 --> 00:35:05.567 Famous singers and movie stars of the day 00:35:05.567 --> 00:35:07.834 volunteered to perform for the troops. 00:35:07.834 --> 00:35:10.334 Museum volunteer Mrs. Sylvia Murphy 00:35:10.334 --> 00:35:13.868 remembers the songs and music and dances of that time. 00:35:13.868 --> 00:35:16.601 What was some of the music like during World War II? 00:35:16.601 --> 00:35:17.667 -It was fun. 00:35:17.667 --> 00:35:20.033 And it was also beautiful. 00:35:20.033 --> 00:35:22.667 And some of those songs have become classics now, 00:35:22.667 --> 00:35:24.901 especially the loves songs, the ballads. 00:35:24.901 --> 00:35:27.801 They were in the movies, they were on the radio, 00:35:27.801 --> 00:35:31.534 and we all enjoy them so much. 00:35:31.534 --> 00:35:35.734 One of my favorite songs back then was the songs 00:35:35.734 --> 00:35:37.834 about the people leaving. 00:35:37.834 --> 00:35:40.167 They were leaving their families, 00:35:40.167 --> 00:35:42.100 they were leaving their loved ones, 00:35:42.100 --> 00:35:44.200 and so the songs reflected that. 00:35:44.200 --> 00:35:46.968 -Why was dancing so important? 00:35:46.968 --> 00:35:51.968 -Well, you know, it brought people together, and it was fun. 00:35:51.968 --> 00:35:55.000 The dance of the day really was the jitterbug, 00:35:55.000 --> 00:35:58.067 and all the high-school kids could do that. 00:35:58.067 --> 00:36:00.300 And of course, a lot of those high-school kids 00:36:00.300 --> 00:36:03.234 became soldiers, sailors, marines, airmen, 00:36:03.234 --> 00:36:06.033 and the radio was our big entertainment, 00:36:06.033 --> 00:36:07.601 as were the movies. 00:36:07.601 --> 00:36:11.400 And not only did we see movies, we saw the news of the day. 00:36:11.400 --> 00:36:14.334 [ Upbeat music plays ] 00:36:14.334 --> 00:36:16.634 Everybody would look at those pictures 00:36:16.634 --> 00:36:20.868 of the boys fighting and getting in the airplanes 00:36:20.868 --> 00:36:23.701 and things and wondered if they would see familiar face. 00:36:23.701 --> 00:36:26.000 And then of course, they had the cartoons, 00:36:26.000 --> 00:36:28.234 Superman and Popeye. 00:36:28.234 --> 00:36:31.467 I remember Popeye was a big Nazi fighter. 00:36:31.467 --> 00:36:33.767 -Oh, look. The Victory Belles are about to perform 00:36:33.767 --> 00:36:36.467 some of the songs from World War II. 00:36:36.467 --> 00:36:39.434 -♪ He's in the army now blowing reveille ♪ 00:36:39.434 --> 00:36:42.801 ♪ He's the boogie woogie bugle boy of Company B ♪ 00:36:42.801 --> 00:36:45.801 ♪ They made him blow a bugle for his Uncle Sam ♪ 00:36:45.801 --> 00:36:48.534 ♪ It really brought him down because he couldn't jam ♪ 00:36:48.534 --> 00:36:51.501 ♪ The captain seemed to understand ♪ 00:36:51.501 --> 00:36:54.467 ♪ 'Cause the next day the Cap' went out and drafted a band ♪ 00:36:54.467 --> 00:36:57.367 ♪ And now the company jumps when he plays reveille ♪ 00:36:57.367 --> 00:37:00.801 ♪ He's the boogie woogie bugle boy of Company B ♪ 00:37:00.801 --> 00:37:03.267 ♪ A root, a toot, a toodlie-a-da-toot ♪ 00:37:03.267 --> 00:37:04.400 ♪ He blows it eight to the bar ♪ 00:37:04.400 --> 00:37:05.601 -Now we're here with The Victory Belles 00:37:05.601 --> 00:37:07.901 who just put on a wonderful performance. 00:37:07.901 --> 00:37:10.868 What do you feel you've learned from learning all the music 00:37:10.868 --> 00:37:13.567 and dances from the World War II period? 00:37:13.567 --> 00:37:16.367 -You know, it's an incredible era. 00:37:16.367 --> 00:37:18.100 They're known as "The Greatest Generation," 00:37:18.100 --> 00:37:19.868 and I think the music reflects that, as well. 00:37:19.868 --> 00:37:23.634 -And for the most part, to the audience it means... 00:37:23.634 --> 00:37:25.367 to the audience that we're delivering it to, 00:37:25.367 --> 00:37:29.534 it means memories, like, good memories. 00:37:29.534 --> 00:37:33.934 -And their music brought so much hope and joy to everyone 00:37:33.934 --> 00:37:37.033 on the home front as well as the boys who fighting overseas. 00:37:37.033 --> 00:37:40.334 -Well, for me, it was wonderful, 00:37:40.334 --> 00:37:44.667 because the music and the movies kept us all upbeat, 00:37:44.667 --> 00:37:47.367 and it kept us focused on what we were doing, 00:37:47.367 --> 00:37:49.767 and it made us very proud to be Americans. 00:37:49.767 --> 00:37:52.300 -It feels also like it was a way of saying, 00:37:52.300 --> 00:37:53.767 we're in this together, 00:37:53.767 --> 00:37:56.934 which really helps in hard times. 00:37:56.934 --> 00:37:58.901 -You know, one of my other favorite things about the music 00:37:58.901 --> 00:38:01.734 of the 1940's was that it brought everyone together, 00:38:01.734 --> 00:38:02.968 and it wasn't just the music. 00:38:02.968 --> 00:38:06.267 Everyone gathered around their radios at home, 00:38:06.267 --> 00:38:08.634 or, if they were our age, they went out 00:38:08.634 --> 00:38:11.100 to the canteens and to the dance halls, 00:38:11.100 --> 00:38:13.000 because they were all dancing. 00:38:13.000 --> 00:38:14.400 So I'm gonna show you a few moves. 00:38:14.400 --> 00:38:15.834 Y'all want to dance with me? 00:38:15.834 --> 00:38:17.501 -Okay. -[ Laughs ] 00:38:17.501 --> 00:38:19.200 -So, I'm gonna show you this, the Truck. 00:38:19.200 --> 00:38:21.234 And if you just step on one foot 00:38:21.234 --> 00:38:22.567 and then let your heel drop... 00:38:22.567 --> 00:38:23.400 and then bring up the other one... 00:38:23.400 --> 00:38:24.901 and then step on your left, 00:38:24.901 --> 00:38:26.400 and then drop that heel. 00:38:26.400 --> 00:38:30.167 And you can keep goin'. And now you're Truckin'. 00:38:30.167 --> 00:38:31.667 Easy, easy. -And you can wave your fingers. 00:38:31.667 --> 00:38:33.701 -[ Laughs ] And you can wave your fingers, 00:38:33.701 --> 00:38:36.033 and even switch back and forth. 00:38:36.033 --> 00:38:37.133 And if you walk forward... 00:38:37.133 --> 00:38:38.601 So all it is is you're just going 00:38:38.601 --> 00:38:40.400 to lean into your right hip 00:38:40.400 --> 00:38:41.968 and point that right finger down, 00:38:41.968 --> 00:38:45.033 and then lean into your left, and then keep switching. 00:38:45.033 --> 00:38:47.934 And you can move forward and back. 00:38:47.934 --> 00:38:49.734 [ Laughs ] -It's very cutesy. 00:38:49.734 --> 00:38:51.234 -And easy, easy stuff. 00:38:51.234 --> 00:38:53.767 And I'll show you how you can put it all to music. 00:38:53.767 --> 00:38:55.667 Hey, Joe, hit it! 00:38:55.667 --> 00:38:56.868 [ Chuckles ] 00:38:56.868 --> 00:38:58.067 [ '40s dance music plays ] 00:38:58.067 --> 00:39:01.200 All right, you ready? 00:39:01.200 --> 00:39:02.868 Here we go. We're Truckin'. 00:39:02.868 --> 00:39:05.334 [ Music continues ] 00:39:05.334 --> 00:39:07.100 And... 00:39:10.400 --> 00:39:13.234 [ Laughs ] 00:39:13.234 --> 00:39:15.400 Y'all are doing great. Yeah! 00:39:15.400 --> 00:39:17.734 [ Laughter ] 00:39:17.734 --> 00:39:20.167 [ Music continues ] 00:39:20.167 --> 00:39:25.968 ♪♪ 00:39:25.968 --> 00:39:30.968 ♪♪ 00:39:30.968 --> 00:39:32.267 -Good job. -Well, now you're ready to go 00:39:32.267 --> 00:39:34.133 learn some dances from 1940's. 00:39:34.133 --> 00:39:35.667 e-That'd be great. 00:39:39.667 --> 00:39:43.634 -That music as popular today as it was during World War II. 00:39:43.634 --> 00:39:45.634 And now one more poll question for you. 00:39:45.634 --> 00:39:48.167 Do you think today's music will be listened to 00:39:48.167 --> 00:39:50.067 70 years from now? 00:39:50.067 --> 00:39:53.100 Text "A" for "yes," or "B" for "no." 00:39:53.100 --> 00:39:56.300 That's text "A" for "yes," "B" for "no." 00:39:56.300 --> 00:39:58.567 Will they be listening to the music 00:39:58.567 --> 00:40:00.534 they listen to today 70 years from now? 00:40:00.534 --> 00:40:04.133 Because the music and entertainment and the movies, 00:40:04.133 --> 00:40:06.567 it was all about war at that time? 00:40:06.567 --> 00:40:08.467 -It was. Even the entertainment. 00:40:08.467 --> 00:40:11.234 So, war permeated every aspect 00:40:11.234 --> 00:40:14.300 of life on the home front, including... 00:40:14.300 --> 00:40:16.367 I brought an example from our collection, 00:40:16.367 --> 00:40:17.801 from the museum's archives. 00:40:17.801 --> 00:40:21.300 This a comic book -- Don Winslow of the Navy. 00:40:21.300 --> 00:40:22.801 -Don Winslow of the Navy? -Don Winslow. 00:40:22.801 --> 00:40:26.033 So many not as famous as Superman or Batman, 00:40:26.033 --> 00:40:28.300 but Superman, Batman, and Wonder Woman 00:40:28.300 --> 00:40:31.434 also fought during World War II 00:40:31.434 --> 00:40:32.901 through their comic stories. 00:40:32.901 --> 00:40:35.701 -And the songs had titles and themes... 00:40:35.701 --> 00:40:37.934 -The songs related to the war as well. 00:40:37.934 --> 00:40:41.767 So, boogie woogie bugle boy of Company B... 00:40:41.767 --> 00:40:44.033 "Praise the Lord and Pass the Ammunition"... 00:40:44.033 --> 00:40:45.267 -That was an actual song? 00:40:45.267 --> 00:40:47.300 -That was an actual song. A hit song. 00:40:47.300 --> 00:40:49.734 -And movies too? -Movies as well. 00:40:49.734 --> 00:40:52.000 -So, the movies all related...cartoon, 00:40:52.000 --> 00:40:55.801 comics...everything related back to the war. 00:40:55.801 --> 00:40:57.501 -Now let's take some more questions 00:40:57.501 --> 00:41:02.367 you've emailed us at field trips@WYES.org. 00:41:02.367 --> 00:41:05.200 Were there any famous World War II musicians 00:41:05.200 --> 00:41:07.200 from New Orleans? 00:41:07.200 --> 00:41:10.133 -There was in fact a very famous musicians 00:41:10.133 --> 00:41:12.300 from New Orleans, some of you may know, 00:41:12.300 --> 00:41:13.701 Louis Armstrong. 00:41:13.701 --> 00:41:17.801 So he was active also, you know, already during World War II. 00:41:17.801 --> 00:41:19.200 -"Satchmo," as he might be known, 00:41:19.200 --> 00:41:21.534 and there's actually a Satchmo Fest right here 00:41:21.534 --> 00:41:23.934 every August in New Orleans. 00:41:23.934 --> 00:41:26.634 Let's take a look at the answers to our poll. 00:41:26.634 --> 00:41:30.067 Will today's music last for 70 years? 00:41:30.067 --> 00:41:33.400 54% say they will not be listening to this music. 00:41:33.400 --> 00:41:36.767 So while 70 years from now people will still be doing 00:41:36.767 --> 00:41:40.167 the jitterbug, no one will be doing the Whip and Nae Nae. 00:41:40.167 --> 00:41:42.267 Sorry to say. Let's go to another question. 00:41:42.267 --> 00:41:45.534 Did our troops overseas have entertainment provided to them? 00:41:45.534 --> 00:41:48.167 That's from Keith. -They did. 00:41:48.167 --> 00:41:52.000 There was a group called the USO Camp Shows, 00:41:52.000 --> 00:41:54.234 United Services Organization. 00:41:54.234 --> 00:41:58.000 And they had a division form just to bring 00:41:58.000 --> 00:42:00.634 entertainment overseas to troops. 00:42:00.634 --> 00:42:03.801 So some famous performers participated in that effort, 00:42:03.801 --> 00:42:05.901 including the comedian Bob Hope. 00:42:05.901 --> 00:42:10.133 So they would bring whole stage shows right overseas 00:42:10.133 --> 00:42:12.167 into the field where soldiers were fighting 00:42:12.167 --> 00:42:14.767 and providing that much needed break. 00:42:14.767 --> 00:42:16.100 -Let's check in with our reporters 00:42:16.100 --> 00:42:18.868 for a quick recap of what they learned. 00:42:18.868 --> 00:42:21.801 ♪♪ 00:42:22.601 --> 00:42:24.334 -So, how was your museum adventure? 00:42:24.334 --> 00:42:26.934 -There are so many great exhibits here at the museum 00:42:26.934 --> 00:42:28.968 that tell the story of how brave men and women 00:42:28.968 --> 00:42:31.400 served their country during a time of great need. 00:42:31.400 --> 00:42:33.901 -Visitors can marvel at big planes and vehicles 00:42:33.901 --> 00:42:36.734 in the U.S. Freedom pavilion, the Boeing Center. 00:42:36.734 --> 00:42:38.501 -They could see "Beyond All Boundaries," 00:42:38.501 --> 00:42:40.567 the 4-D movie that takes visitors 00:42:40.567 --> 00:42:42.667 on the journey through World War II. 00:42:42.667 --> 00:42:45.434 -And even explore the museum's newest immersive exhibit 00:42:45.434 --> 00:42:47.868 The Road to Berlin, all about the war in Europe. 00:42:47.868 --> 00:42:49.567 -There's so much you see here. 00:42:49.567 --> 00:42:51.234 You can't fit it in in one day. 00:42:51.234 --> 00:42:53.634 -You could even learn how folks on the home front, 00:42:53.634 --> 00:42:55.067 including kids like us, 00:42:55.067 --> 00:42:57.000 helped soldiers on the battlefield. 00:42:57.000 --> 00:42:59.167 -We really learned so much about what it was like 00:42:59.167 --> 00:43:01.100 to be a young person during the war, 00:43:01.100 --> 00:43:03.467 not just from the artifacts from the museum 00:43:03.467 --> 00:43:05.167 but also from our friends who were kids 00:43:05.167 --> 00:43:06.767 themselves during the war. 00:43:06.767 --> 00:43:09.267 -I think they were all really our best primary source 00:43:09.267 --> 00:43:11.200 to teach us how things like rationing 00:43:11.200 --> 00:43:12.834 and scrapping and victory gardens. 00:43:12.834 --> 00:43:14.634 -And posters...and war bonds... 00:43:14.634 --> 00:43:16.300 -And movies...and song and dance... 00:43:16.300 --> 00:43:18.067 all did make a difference. 00:43:18.067 --> 00:43:20.067 -Even though American students were far away 00:43:20.067 --> 00:43:21.667 from the battlefronts, their efforts supported 00:43:21.667 --> 00:43:23.234 our men and women in uniform. 00:43:23.234 --> 00:43:26.200 -They were all working together towards a common goal. 00:43:26.200 --> 00:43:29.033 -To ensure victory and bring their loved ones back home. 00:43:29.033 --> 00:43:30.133 -Because they knew... 00:43:30.133 --> 00:43:32.167 -We're all in this together. 00:43:32.167 --> 00:43:34.701 ♪♪ 00:43:34.701 --> 00:43:36.834 -I think all the kids, our student reporters, 00:43:36.834 --> 00:43:41.067 learned that kids did matter on the home front. 00:43:41.067 --> 00:43:44.834 What they did at home helped with victory on the battlefront. 00:43:44.834 --> 00:43:46.400 -Absolutely. Absolutely. 00:43:46.400 --> 00:43:48.968 You saw it from growing the victory gardens 00:43:48.968 --> 00:43:51.100 to scrapping the metal and rubber 00:43:51.100 --> 00:43:55.167 to help make the war materials, to reading about the war 00:43:55.167 --> 00:43:56.701 in their comic books and listening 00:43:56.701 --> 00:43:58.300 to the music about the war. 00:43:58.300 --> 00:44:00.567 Absolutely. Kids had a big part in the war. 00:44:00.567 --> 00:44:04.300 -Did kids know that they were having a big part in the war? 00:44:04.300 --> 00:44:07.367 Was that clear to kids of school age? 00:44:07.367 --> 00:44:08.734 -Yes, I do believe so. 00:44:08.734 --> 00:44:10.367 That was... 00:44:10.367 --> 00:44:13.834 Like I said, it permeated every aspect of American life. 00:44:13.834 --> 00:44:17.701 So that was always at the forefront of kids' minds. 00:44:17.701 --> 00:44:21.133 -There was a patriotism that the kids were instilled 00:44:21.133 --> 00:44:23.167 through media, and probably through their parents, 00:44:23.167 --> 00:44:24.567 that went in everything 00:44:24.567 --> 00:44:26.400 they did all day long. -Absolutely. 00:44:26.400 --> 00:44:28.567 From the time you woke up in the morning, 00:44:28.567 --> 00:44:31.133 "Can I have some more sugar for my cereal?" 00:44:31.133 --> 00:44:33.901 "No, you can't," you know, to what you're gonna do 00:44:33.901 --> 00:44:35.434 after school, after your homework. 00:44:35.434 --> 00:44:37.601 Let's take that wagon around the neighborhood 00:44:37.601 --> 00:44:39.968 and collect all the scrap metal from the neighbors 00:44:39.968 --> 00:44:42.100 to turn in at the big scrap drive. 00:44:42.100 --> 00:44:44.000 -We've learned what kids like you did to help 00:44:44.000 --> 00:44:46.801 win World War II more than 70 years ago. 00:44:46.801 --> 00:44:47.868 Now it's your turn. 00:44:47.868 --> 00:44:49.300 The museum has a project 00:44:49.300 --> 00:44:52.033 that you can get involved in, Get in the Scrap! 00:44:52.033 --> 00:44:53.601 Here's Kenneth to tell you a little bit more about it. 00:44:53.601 --> 00:44:54.667 Kenneth? -Absolutely. 00:44:54.667 --> 00:44:57.701 Well, you heard our museum volunteer 00:44:57.701 --> 00:45:00.133 telling our young reporter about scrapping, 00:45:00.133 --> 00:45:01.901 collecting things for the war effort. 00:45:01.901 --> 00:45:03.501 Today we call it recycling. 00:45:03.501 --> 00:45:06.834 Well, the National WWII Museum is challenging you 00:45:06.834 --> 00:45:09.434 and your teacher to get in the scrap. 00:45:09.434 --> 00:45:11.534 It's a project all about recycling 00:45:11.534 --> 00:45:14.801 and energy conservation that is inspired by the efforts 00:45:14.801 --> 00:45:16.868 of kids scrapping on the home front. 00:45:16.868 --> 00:45:20.067 It's easy, fun, and you can win a bunch of prizes. 00:45:20.067 --> 00:45:25.033 So sign up today at getinthescrap.org. 00:45:25.033 --> 00:45:26.601 -And it's more than just the contest. 00:45:26.601 --> 00:45:28.400 It actually helps the environment. 00:45:28.400 --> 00:45:29.367 -Absolutely. 00:45:29.367 --> 00:45:32.133 We want the young people today 00:45:32.133 --> 00:45:36.067 to realize that they can have a positive effect on their world 00:45:36.067 --> 00:45:40.133 just like American kids did during World War II. 00:45:40.133 --> 00:45:42.734 -So kids today, just like the kids 00:45:42.734 --> 00:45:44.734 in World War II, can make a difference. 00:45:44.734 --> 00:45:47.968 They can make history. -Absolutely. 00:45:47.968 --> 00:45:51.601 And that's why we're so glad that you all watched today. 00:45:51.601 --> 00:45:52.634 -Making history. 00:45:52.634 --> 00:45:54.133 We want to thank you for joining us 00:45:54.133 --> 00:45:56.868 for this electronic field trip "We're All In This Together: 00:45:56.868 --> 00:45:59.667 How students like YOU helped win WWII." 00:45:59.667 --> 00:46:01.934 And teachers, to get the latest updates 00:46:01.934 --> 00:46:05.200 about future field trips, go to wyes.org 00:46:05.200 --> 00:46:07.868 and sign up to receive our newsletter. 00:46:07.868 --> 00:46:10.133 Also, this field trip will be archived 00:46:10.133 --> 00:46:12.000 on the WYES website 00:46:12.000 --> 00:46:17.534 at www.wyes.org/field trips. 00:46:17.534 --> 00:46:19.868 And you can also go to the National WWII Museum 00:46:19.868 --> 00:46:22.868 at www.nationalww2museum.org 00:46:22.868 --> 00:46:25.434 to link to this field trip and learn all about 00:46:25.434 --> 00:46:27.200 what the museum has to offer. 00:46:27.200 --> 00:46:28.934 And I know that many of you had questions 00:46:28.934 --> 00:46:30.701 that we just couldn't get to. 00:46:30.701 --> 00:46:33.200 Well, all you have to do is go to that website. 00:46:33.200 --> 00:46:36.133 Many of those questions may be answered. 00:46:36.133 --> 00:46:37.634 You'll probably find exactly 00:46:37.634 --> 00:46:39.868 what you're looking for at that website. 00:46:39.868 --> 00:46:42.367 So remember, get in the scrap. 00:46:42.367 --> 00:46:46.267 And thanks for joining us here at the National WWII Museum 00:46:46.267 --> 00:46:48.300 in New Orleans, Louisiana. 00:46:48.300 --> 00:46:57.000 ♪♪ 00:46:57.000 --> 00:47:05.200 ♪♪ 00:47:05.200 --> 00:47:14.367 ♪♪ 00:47:14.367 --> 00:47:23.100 ♪♪ 00:47:23.100 --> 00:47:32.100 ♪♪ 00:47:32.100 --> 00:47:36.367 ♪♪ 00:47:36.367 --> 00:47:39.334 -The electronic field trip "We're All In This Together: 00:47:39.334 --> 00:47:42.701 How students like YOU helped win WWII" 00:47:42.701 --> 00:47:46.267 is a production partnership of WYES New Orleans 00:47:46.267 --> 00:47:48.133 public television and... 00:47:48.133 --> 00:47:50.934 The National WWII Museum. 00:47:50.934 --> 00:47:54.701 Made possible in part by The Selley Foundation.