WEBVTT
Kind: captions
Language: en

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-The program is being recorded.

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You can watch this at any time.

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And to every single registrant,

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after this program is over,
sometime this afternoon,

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I will send you all the link
to this recording

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so you can watch it with
even multiple classes, as well.

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So, how we'll do this,
everybody, today,

00:00:18.934 --> 00:00:22.634
is we're actually going to
switch into another room area,

00:00:22.634 --> 00:00:25.501
and so you're going to see
a screen change.

00:00:25.501 --> 00:00:29.400
And I'm going to put Ela and I
on live here.

00:00:29.400 --> 00:00:30.501
All right.

00:00:30.501 --> 00:00:32.434
And you'll see us here
in one second.

00:00:32.434 --> 00:00:34.434
You can see, there, waving.

00:00:34.434 --> 00:00:36.167
Hey, everybody!
[ Chuckles ]

00:00:36.167 --> 00:00:39.701
So I would love for you
to ask Ela questions

00:00:39.701 --> 00:00:40.934
through the program.

00:00:40.934 --> 00:00:43.067
And you'll see, below
the PowerPoint slides,

00:00:43.067 --> 00:00:45.501
there's a little area
that says Q&A.

00:00:45.501 --> 00:00:48.801
That's where you will be
typing in questions for Ela.

00:00:48.801 --> 00:00:51.067
I will be looking
at that Q&A area

00:00:51.067 --> 00:00:52.300
throughout the whole program

00:00:52.300 --> 00:00:54.067
and taking some
of your questions

00:00:54.067 --> 00:00:57.467
to ask our wonderful
guest here today.

00:00:57.467 --> 00:00:58.734
And that's how
we'll do it today.

00:00:58.734 --> 00:01:01.934
And I also, students,
I have some poll questions

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that I have ready for you all.

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So I'm going to be quizzing you
all out there, as well,

00:01:05.934 --> 00:01:09.767
because, you know, I want
you all to be involved

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and interact with us
as much as possible.

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So, with all that,

00:01:13.968 --> 00:01:16.367
I wanted to give a brief
introduction about you,

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Ela, first.

00:01:17.601 --> 00:01:19.334
So I'm actually going to read
the introduction

00:01:19.334 --> 00:01:22.467
from this book right here,
"The Cat With the Yellow Star."

00:01:22.467 --> 00:01:24.934
And it says this.

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"Ela Stein was 11 years old
in February of 1942

00:01:29.467 --> 00:01:32.300
when she was sent to
Terezín concentration camp

00:01:32.300 --> 00:01:34.100
with other Czech Jews.

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By the time she was liberated,
in 1945, she was 15.

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Somehow during those horrendous
3 1/2 years of sickness,

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terror, and separation
from loved ones and loss,

00:01:45.667 --> 00:01:47.834
Ela managed to grow up.

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Although conditions
were wretched,

00:01:49.567 --> 00:01:52.267
Ela forged lifelong friendships
with other girls

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from room 28 of her barracks.

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Adults working with children
tried their best

00:01:56.667 --> 00:01:59.334
to keep up the youngest
prisoners' spirits.

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A children's opera called
'Brundibár' was even performed,

00:02:02.734 --> 00:02:06.367
and Ela was chosen to play
the pivotal role of the cat.

00:02:06.367 --> 00:02:08.000
Yet amidst all of this,

00:02:08.000 --> 00:02:09.767
the feared transports
to death camps

00:02:09.767 --> 00:02:13.100
and death itself
were a part of daily life.

00:02:13.100 --> 00:02:16.534
Ela was liberated in Terezín
in May of 1945.

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She emigrated to Israel in 1949

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and then later moved here
to the United States.

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Ela lives in New York right now,

00:02:23.167 --> 00:02:25.901
where she and her husband
raised two children.

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Ela now travels extensively,"

00:02:27.868 --> 00:02:30.434
including, as you all know,
to New Orleans here,

00:02:30.434 --> 00:02:33.300
to speak about her experiences
during the Holocaust.

00:02:33.300 --> 00:02:34.434
Ela, welcome.

00:02:34.434 --> 00:02:36.267
Thank you so much
for being here today.

00:02:36.267 --> 00:02:39.133
I'm so honored to have you
here with us

00:02:39.133 --> 00:02:42.334
in New Orleans
for these next few days.

00:02:42.334 --> 00:02:48.300
-I have to tell you that
I'm also very honored to be here

00:02:48.300 --> 00:02:50.234
and to be alive...
-[ Chuckles ]

00:02:50.234 --> 00:02:53.968
-...because most of the friends
that I have.

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And I now became maybe a speaker

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for the million-and-a-half
Jewish children

00:03:02.234 --> 00:03:04.501
that they were murdered.

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So we like to keep
the memory of them

00:03:09.133 --> 00:03:13.067
because they were wonderful,
wonderful children,

00:03:13.067 --> 00:03:17.601
and they were murdered
only because they were Jewish.

00:03:17.601 --> 00:03:20.801
I have something with me
that probably...

00:03:20.801 --> 00:03:22.167
-Mm-hmm. Shall we?

00:03:22.167 --> 00:03:23.667
Yeah, we could start off
with this,

00:03:23.667 --> 00:03:25.834
and it's something that you
students may be familiar with.

00:03:25.834 --> 00:03:30.567
And let me hold it up here
to the screen really quick.

00:03:30.567 --> 00:03:33.300
There we go.

00:03:33.300 --> 00:03:34.934
And do you want to
hold on to it,

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now that we've kind of
shown them the detail of it?

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Yeah.

00:03:38.701 --> 00:03:43.167
-You see, this Jewish star
that says "Jude,"

00:03:43.167 --> 00:03:45.767
it means, in German, "Jew."

00:03:45.767 --> 00:03:48.534
And other countries,
like Holland,

00:03:48.534 --> 00:03:53.267
they had the same star,
but it said "Jood,"

00:03:53.267 --> 00:03:59.067
or, in France, they had "Juif,"
but it meant the same.

00:03:59.067 --> 00:04:03.868
And I don't think that
too many original stars

00:04:03.868 --> 00:04:08.067
are still in museums only,

00:04:08.067 --> 00:04:12.434
or some people just
went and destroy them,

00:04:12.434 --> 00:04:18.000
not to remember those terrible
days that we had to go through.

00:04:18.000 --> 00:04:21.334
So, this is the star,
and for me...

00:04:21.334 --> 00:04:23.868
-That's your star, right?
-That's mine.

00:04:23.868 --> 00:04:29.801
It's 74 years ago that we had to
buy it in Prague,

00:04:29.801 --> 00:04:33.634
but we were registered as Jews.

00:04:33.634 --> 00:04:40.267
And I am very proud of it,
that I'm Jewish.

00:04:40.267 --> 00:04:46.567
And I had possibility
only for very short time

00:04:46.567 --> 00:04:52.400
that the Communistic
Czech Republic let me go.

00:04:52.400 --> 00:04:57.100
But they took, really,
my citizenship,

00:04:57.100 --> 00:05:00.300
and I went to Israel.

00:05:00.300 --> 00:05:06.100
I was very proud to be
in Israeli army

00:05:06.100 --> 00:05:10.000
and fight for the rights
of everybody, really,

00:05:10.000 --> 00:05:12.434
not only for Jews.

00:05:12.434 --> 00:05:17.334
So, even now in America,
I'm supporting,

00:05:17.334 --> 00:05:22.868
and especially you should
speak to young people,

00:05:22.868 --> 00:05:24.868
what it means, freedom,

00:05:24.868 --> 00:05:28.567
what I have
here in United States.

00:05:28.567 --> 00:05:34.901
I have the freedom that I was
able to go to school again

00:05:34.901 --> 00:05:39.634
after I was already a big girl.
-[ Chuckles ]

00:05:39.634 --> 00:05:45.701
-And started to study
in an art school.

00:05:45.701 --> 00:05:54.767
And in 1949, I was expelled
by the Communist Party.

00:05:54.767 --> 00:06:00.601
I am not in politics,
but I always appreciate,

00:06:00.601 --> 00:06:03.334
and especially I have to say

00:06:03.334 --> 00:06:09.834
that now I'm sitting in a museum
from World War II,

00:06:09.834 --> 00:06:15.634
and I feel that this
will be something

00:06:15.634 --> 00:06:20.033
that lot of schoolchildren
and schools

00:06:20.033 --> 00:06:24.133
will be able to see
what freedom means.

00:06:24.133 --> 00:06:25.534
-Mm-hmm, yeah.

00:06:25.534 --> 00:06:28.934
-We have something behind us.

00:06:28.934 --> 00:06:30.634
-We'll get to it.
We'll talk to you

00:06:30.634 --> 00:06:33.133
about "Brundibár"
in just one second.

00:06:33.133 --> 00:06:35.968
I really am excited
to show that poster,

00:06:35.968 --> 00:06:38.901
and I was telling Ela,
everybody,

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that we have over 6,425,
I think, 25 students

00:06:42.801 --> 00:06:47.467
from 38 states
and like 215 classrooms

00:06:47.467 --> 00:06:48.667
watching with us today,

00:06:48.667 --> 00:06:50.901
so you're watching
with all of them.

00:06:50.901 --> 00:06:54.133
Would you mind maybe
starting off the story today

00:06:54.133 --> 00:06:55.767
maybe telling us
about your early life

00:06:55.767 --> 00:06:58.133
before you were
deported to Terezín?

00:06:58.133 --> 00:06:59.634
Tell us.

00:06:59.634 --> 00:07:04.434
-You know, for me,
it was very early

00:07:04.434 --> 00:07:13.434
when the Nazis separated part
of Czechs, Czechoslovakia,

00:07:13.434 --> 00:07:19.234
and there was one part
that we were Czechs and Jews.

00:07:19.234 --> 00:07:24.100
In the part that was
called Sudetenland,

00:07:24.100 --> 00:07:30.601
and there I had to go to,
when I was 8 years old,

00:07:30.601 --> 00:07:35.601
with the time that they
called it Kristallnacht.

00:07:35.601 --> 00:07:39.067
It was the day of crystal

00:07:39.067 --> 00:07:42.467
that they attacked
Jewish families

00:07:42.467 --> 00:07:48.267
and started to kill Jews
and burned books

00:07:48.267 --> 00:07:54.834
and broke, really, glass
in the stores that...

00:07:54.834 --> 00:07:59.400
You know, we were, like, very
much involved with other people,

00:07:59.400 --> 00:08:01.734
not only Jews,

00:08:01.734 --> 00:08:05.701
but it was the time
that the army --

00:08:05.701 --> 00:08:07.300
the German army --

00:08:07.300 --> 00:08:13.467
came and started really
to punish Jewish people,

00:08:13.467 --> 00:08:15.400
Jewish businesses.

00:08:15.400 --> 00:08:18.634
One night, they just
took my father,

00:08:18.634 --> 00:08:24.634
who was a very young
and successful businessman.

00:08:24.634 --> 00:08:33.267
They took him
to the, uh, Gestapo.

00:08:33.267 --> 00:08:37.734
You know, now I'm
a little bit excited,

00:08:37.734 --> 00:08:41.801
so the words
are not coming so fast.

00:08:41.801 --> 00:08:46.968
But they took him to Gestapo,
and we didn't see him again.

00:08:46.968 --> 00:08:48.801
-It's because he spoke out,
right?

00:08:48.801 --> 00:08:49.901
-Against.
-He spoke out against Hitler.

00:08:49.901 --> 00:08:51.901
Right?
-Right.

00:08:51.901 --> 00:08:56.601
So, for me,
it started very early,

00:08:56.601 --> 00:09:01.901
and I have to say
that now I made up my mind

00:09:01.901 --> 00:09:07.100
that I can't let again happen

00:09:07.100 --> 00:09:10.901
something that happened
that time,

00:09:10.901 --> 00:09:16.801
that my family really
couldn't survive all that.

00:09:16.801 --> 00:09:21.834
And I'm traveling, now, the
whole world with my daughter.

00:09:21.834 --> 00:09:23.701
-You were just
talking about that --

00:09:23.701 --> 00:09:25.934
how many different
places you go.

00:09:25.934 --> 00:09:31.133
-Yeah, I really can't count it,
because it's a really a lot,

00:09:31.133 --> 00:09:36.767
but the last time --
I have to say it now,

00:09:36.767 --> 00:09:39.501
because I have a proof of it --

00:09:39.501 --> 00:09:44.167
I was invited
by the Russian government.

00:09:44.167 --> 00:09:48.667
And I was invited
to Saint Petersburg,

00:09:48.667 --> 00:09:51.934
what was Leningrad before,

00:09:51.934 --> 00:09:58.767
on the day that the war
really was ending in Russia.

00:09:58.767 --> 00:10:03.334
It was far away,
but I have a little things

00:10:03.334 --> 00:10:05.534
that I came through with,

00:10:05.534 --> 00:10:07.868
because we will talk
about something

00:10:07.868 --> 00:10:10.000
that is very close to me

00:10:10.000 --> 00:10:12.901
and to the Jewish star,

00:10:12.901 --> 00:10:16.200
because when I was chosen to be

00:10:16.200 --> 00:10:20.000
in children's opera
called "Brundibár."

00:10:20.000 --> 00:10:22.400
It's now starting today...

00:10:22.400 --> 00:10:24.000
-Yes.
-...performed

00:10:24.000 --> 00:10:29.000
in the museum of new...

00:10:29.000 --> 00:10:32.067
-The National World War II
Museum, yeah.

00:10:32.067 --> 00:10:33.634
So, we actually...

00:10:33.634 --> 00:10:35.868
And I'll tell you all about it
at the end.

00:10:35.868 --> 00:10:38.667
For any local teachers,
we will have three performances

00:10:38.667 --> 00:10:41.033
of "Brundibár"
here this weekend.

00:10:41.033 --> 00:10:43.234
So if you're within driving
distance of New Orleans --

00:10:43.234 --> 00:10:46.000
I know a lot of you are not,
and my apologies --

00:10:46.000 --> 00:10:48.267
but you can actually even...

00:10:48.267 --> 00:10:53.434
We'll show you some pictures of
the opera actually in Terezín.

00:10:53.434 --> 00:10:56.400
Now, tell us about
Theresienstadt or Terezín.

00:10:56.400 --> 00:10:59.200
Tell us about
when you arrived there.

00:10:59.200 --> 00:11:00.501
There are a lot of students...

00:11:00.501 --> 00:11:02.133
Let me actually pull up...

00:11:02.133 --> 00:11:06.601
We had one question from --
Let's see here --

00:11:06.601 --> 00:11:08.467
I think it was
White Oak Elementary.

00:11:08.467 --> 00:11:09.701
They wanted to know,

00:11:09.701 --> 00:11:11.501
"What were the conditions
like in this camp,"

00:11:11.501 --> 00:11:12.834
or "What did you experience?

00:11:12.834 --> 00:11:14.968
Were you separated
from your mom?"

00:11:14.968 --> 00:11:17.667
Tell us a little bit about that.

00:11:17.667 --> 00:11:20.968
-You know,
"Theresienstadt" is in German.

00:11:20.968 --> 00:11:24.334
"Terezín" is in Czech language.

00:11:24.334 --> 00:11:29.234
And this concentration camp
started

00:11:29.234 --> 00:11:33.367
even before all those camps

00:11:33.367 --> 00:11:38.634
on the other side of Germany
and so on.

00:11:38.634 --> 00:11:43.868
It is a fortress -- a fortress

00:11:43.868 --> 00:11:49.267
that from, you know,
a picture of it,

00:11:49.267 --> 00:11:53.234
it's almost like a Jewish star,

00:11:53.234 --> 00:11:56.534
and it has six entrances.

00:11:56.534 --> 00:12:03.300
So it was very easy for
the Nazis to put two soldiers

00:12:03.300 --> 00:12:07.734
to every entrance
of the six entrances,

00:12:07.734 --> 00:12:15.567
and it was very easy
for them to bring us in.

00:12:15.567 --> 00:12:20.501
But, for us,
it was very hard to escape,

00:12:20.501 --> 00:12:28.534
because once when you were --
they were aware of it,

00:12:28.534 --> 00:12:32.901
so mostly people that
they tried to escape

00:12:32.901 --> 00:12:40.067
was sent to a smaller fortress
that was built very close to,

00:12:40.067 --> 00:12:43.567
but the killings started there.

00:12:43.567 --> 00:12:47.400
When you were punished
for something,

00:12:47.400 --> 00:12:50.701
you knew that
you would not survive.

00:12:53.300 --> 00:12:58.000
-So, tell me a little bit about
where you lived, in room 28.

00:12:58.000 --> 00:12:59.334
Was that right?

00:12:59.334 --> 00:13:02.667
-We, when...
After a very short time,

00:13:02.667 --> 00:13:05.567
when we came to that fortress,

00:13:05.567 --> 00:13:09.367
they were still
civilians living there,

00:13:09.367 --> 00:13:11.801
so they had to leave.

00:13:11.801 --> 00:13:15.767
And all the buildings
that are still there,

00:13:15.767 --> 00:13:17.367
and homes,

00:13:17.367 --> 00:13:20.968
were preoccupied with people
that were working there

00:13:20.968 --> 00:13:23.968
or they were soldiers or so.

00:13:23.968 --> 00:13:25.901
They cleared it out,

00:13:25.901 --> 00:13:31.901
and were used later on
by the Jewish population.

00:13:31.901 --> 00:13:36.267
-Now, one question coming in,
it's from Mrs. Bowman's class.

00:13:36.267 --> 00:13:38.968
Now, did you have a job,
or did children in general

00:13:38.968 --> 00:13:42.167
have jobs in the camp--
things that you had to do?

00:13:42.167 --> 00:13:45.200
-We had to work.
-Mm-hmm.

00:13:45.200 --> 00:13:49.767
-But not officially...
-Mm-hmm.

00:13:49.767 --> 00:13:55.133
-...because they were afraid
of International Red Cross,

00:13:55.133 --> 00:13:59.067
that they will be
probably called.

00:13:59.067 --> 00:14:07.634
But by, you know, like,
when somebody was 13,

00:14:07.634 --> 00:14:11.868
that time, they were
put to work.

00:14:11.868 --> 00:14:17.033
-Mm-hmm.
-Very, very hard work.

00:14:17.033 --> 00:14:22.601
So, a little later,
we children had to work

00:14:22.601 --> 00:14:26.367
also in children's garden,

00:14:26.367 --> 00:14:32.834
and the adults was called
agriculture department,

00:14:32.834 --> 00:14:37.400
and they worked
really very hard.

00:14:37.400 --> 00:14:40.834
-Mm-hmm.
-I have something funny to say,

00:14:40.834 --> 00:14:44.300
but I don't know if
it's okay with you to...

00:14:44.300 --> 00:14:47.534
-I think we can have something
funny in here, for sure.

00:14:47.534 --> 00:14:49.667
Yeah.
You want to share with us?

00:14:49.667 --> 00:14:52.300
-My mother was very young.

00:14:52.300 --> 00:14:54.067
She was 31 years old.

00:14:54.067 --> 00:14:55.968
-31 when you guys
entered the camp?

00:14:55.968 --> 00:14:58.400
-When we came to the camp.

00:14:58.400 --> 00:15:02.200
And she was chosen to work
in agriculture department.

00:15:02.200 --> 00:15:05.234
-Mm-hmm.
-Very hard work.

00:15:05.234 --> 00:15:08.934
They were carrying out
from the fields

00:15:08.934 --> 00:15:13.934
big, you know, stones
to clear it...

00:15:13.934 --> 00:15:16.133
-Wow.
-...for spring,

00:15:16.133 --> 00:15:21.734
that in spring they started to,
you know, produce vegetables.

00:15:21.734 --> 00:15:27.601
My mother, in very short time,
lost a lot of weight,

00:15:27.601 --> 00:15:35.400
and, you know, her undergarments
or bra became very big.

00:15:35.400 --> 00:15:39.367
And she hoped
that she will be able

00:15:39.367 --> 00:15:42.000
to bring me and my sister

00:15:42.000 --> 00:15:44.834
some vegetable
that will help us grow,

00:15:44.834 --> 00:15:48.167
because the food was terrible.

00:15:48.167 --> 00:15:52.033
And not only terrible
but very little of.

00:15:52.033 --> 00:15:55.734
And I remember

00:15:55.734 --> 00:16:01.400
that she was able to put
in her bra 50 tomatoes.

00:16:01.400 --> 00:16:07.167
-[ Laughs ] Wow.
-She never squished any,

00:16:07.167 --> 00:16:11.934
so that she was able to
exchange it with other people

00:16:11.934 --> 00:16:17.133
that they were getting packages,
like people from Denmark,

00:16:17.133 --> 00:16:21.434
so that we got a little thing

00:16:21.434 --> 00:16:25.400
that was something that
other children didn't get.

00:16:25.400 --> 00:16:27.267
So maybe that's...

00:16:27.267 --> 00:16:30.267
Many times, I'm thinking
that my body

00:16:30.267 --> 00:16:32.067
got a little more food
than the other people.

00:16:32.067 --> 00:16:33.367
That's why.

00:16:33.367 --> 00:16:35.067
-Yeah, because your mom
was good

00:16:35.067 --> 00:16:37.067
at hiding those fruits
and veggies, right?

00:16:37.067 --> 00:16:40.434
-And very shortly after,

00:16:40.434 --> 00:16:43.667
when they started to open
children's home...

00:16:43.667 --> 00:16:45.133
-Mm-hmm.

00:16:45.133 --> 00:16:48.434
-...we were separated
from the German children also.

00:16:48.434 --> 00:16:49.934
-Mm.

00:16:49.934 --> 00:16:55.334
-So they built a house
for Czech children,

00:16:55.334 --> 00:16:58.934
and I was very lucky

00:16:58.934 --> 00:17:05.701
that my caretaker in that room
was a music teacher.

00:17:05.701 --> 00:17:09.367
And right from the beginning,

00:17:09.367 --> 00:17:15.467
the Nazis allowed us
to sing, to play.

00:17:15.467 --> 00:17:19.334
And when we had
a pencil or something,

00:17:19.334 --> 00:17:20.801
we were allowed,

00:17:20.801 --> 00:17:23.501
with our wonderful,
wonderful teacher

00:17:23.501 --> 00:17:28.267
from Bauhaus student,
Friedl Dicker-Brandeis.

00:17:28.267 --> 00:17:30.667
-And actually you saw
some of the artwork

00:17:30.667 --> 00:17:32.033
from children as you were...

00:17:32.033 --> 00:17:34.868
If you logged into the room
a little bit early today,

00:17:34.868 --> 00:17:36.267
you saw...
And you were pointing out,

00:17:36.267 --> 00:17:38.868
you knew the artwork
from different people,

00:17:38.868 --> 00:17:41.467
and talked about Friedl,
as well, and her role

00:17:41.467 --> 00:17:44.968
in, you know, in saving
a lot of artwork, right, too?

00:17:44.968 --> 00:17:46.334
She saved...

00:17:46.334 --> 00:17:52.501
-She used to put
the artwork from children

00:17:52.501 --> 00:17:55.501
into suitcase,

00:17:55.501 --> 00:17:57.467
and she believed

00:17:57.467 --> 00:18:03.400
that one day
it will be clear to the public

00:18:03.400 --> 00:18:06.634
that all those children
didn't survive.

00:18:06.634 --> 00:18:10.501
But their drawings
in the suitcase

00:18:10.501 --> 00:18:13.767
were found after the war

00:18:13.767 --> 00:18:16.767
and brought to a museum
in Prague,

00:18:16.767 --> 00:18:22.634
where they are,
some of them, on display.

00:18:22.634 --> 00:18:27.000
And some of them,
when some family returned,

00:18:27.000 --> 00:18:29.534
are asking to look at them.

00:18:29.534 --> 00:18:31.200
So they allowed.

00:18:31.200 --> 00:18:36.767
But I have to say,
if you are lucky and you have,

00:18:36.767 --> 00:18:40.100
you should really pay attention
to your teachers...

00:18:40.100 --> 00:18:41.334
-[ Chuckles ]

00:18:41.334 --> 00:18:46.534
-...especially if your school
existed already

00:18:46.534 --> 00:18:49.734
Holocaust Studies

00:18:49.734 --> 00:18:54.000
and many things about
some of special teachers,

00:18:54.000 --> 00:18:58.200
like Friedl Dicker-Brandeis,
Ilse Weber.

00:18:58.200 --> 00:19:03.167
There were some teachers
that they paid to us children

00:19:03.167 --> 00:19:07.467
such attention
that it helped us to survive.

00:19:07.467 --> 00:19:09.334
-Yeah.
We have a lot of...

00:19:09.334 --> 00:19:10.834
I'm not going to
single out one class,

00:19:10.834 --> 00:19:13.767
because I'm getting
this question quite a bit.

00:19:13.767 --> 00:19:17.634
Students want to know, you know,
how did you survive day-to-day,

00:19:17.634 --> 00:19:19.133
you know, in the camp?
Like, how did you

00:19:19.133 --> 00:19:23.334
emotionally deal with everything
that was going on, you know?

00:19:23.334 --> 00:19:27.300
-I have to admit that I say

00:19:27.300 --> 00:19:32.200
that I'm, today, alive
different way

00:19:32.200 --> 00:19:35.567
and not too many children
or people

00:19:35.567 --> 00:19:41.167
had the opportunity
that it would happen to them.

00:19:41.167 --> 00:19:44.834
I lost my father
when I was very young,

00:19:44.834 --> 00:19:47.767
but brother of my mother

00:19:47.767 --> 00:19:51.601
was a very famous person
in Czech government

00:19:51.601 --> 00:19:55.634
before, even,
and the same thing happened,

00:19:55.634 --> 00:20:00.234
that in the camp
of Theresienstadt,

00:20:00.234 --> 00:20:02.300
he had little opportunities,

00:20:02.300 --> 00:20:09.100
but he used them to work
underground against the Nazis.

00:20:09.100 --> 00:20:14.734
But it came a day that the last
transport to Auschwitz,

00:20:14.734 --> 00:20:20.534
before Auschwitz even fell,
that it was destroyed,

00:20:20.534 --> 00:20:23.634
not to leave anything
to the world,

00:20:23.634 --> 00:20:30.267
that what factory of death
was Auschwitz-Birkenau.

00:20:30.267 --> 00:20:34.467
And so he was punished,

00:20:34.467 --> 00:20:37.567
and he was put into
that transport

00:20:37.567 --> 00:20:42.601
to go to Auschwitz
for the last time,

00:20:42.601 --> 00:20:46.234
that they didn't admit it,

00:20:46.234 --> 00:20:49.767
that all the people
from that last day,

00:20:49.767 --> 00:20:54.868
from the 28th of October, 1944,

00:20:54.868 --> 00:20:57.767
will not live.

00:20:57.767 --> 00:21:04.133
So they put him in a separate
part of a barrack.

00:21:04.133 --> 00:21:09.567
And I already wasn't
in the children's home,

00:21:09.567 --> 00:21:12.267
because most of the children...

00:21:12.267 --> 00:21:16.767
-Were gone.
-...was already gone.

00:21:16.767 --> 00:21:21.934
And so I wanted
to go with my uncle,

00:21:21.934 --> 00:21:25.367
what will ever happen to him.

00:21:25.367 --> 00:21:29.501
I wanted to support him
and to be with him.

00:21:29.501 --> 00:21:32.367
So I slept over,

00:21:32.367 --> 00:21:39.334
and when they started
to prepare the people

00:21:39.334 --> 00:21:42.567
to go to the train,

00:21:42.567 --> 00:21:47.434
I smuggled myself to my uncle.

00:21:47.434 --> 00:21:50.567
And when I came to the big door,

00:21:50.567 --> 00:21:54.701
this was called
the Hamburg barrack,

00:21:54.701 --> 00:21:58.934
and and there was the station --
the train station.

00:21:58.934 --> 00:22:00.767
I was still...

00:22:00.767 --> 00:22:07.968
They were still showing
that part of that train

00:22:07.968 --> 00:22:10.934
is with people
that they are punished,

00:22:10.934 --> 00:22:13.334
but I really didn't care.

00:22:13.334 --> 00:22:16.701
I wanted to be with my uncle.

00:22:16.701 --> 00:22:19.834
And when it came his spot,

00:22:19.834 --> 00:22:25.234
I was with him,
so I didn't have this.

00:22:25.234 --> 00:22:28.267
-Oh, yes.
Hold that up

00:22:28.267 --> 00:22:30.067
a little closer, too,
if you'd like.

00:22:30.067 --> 00:22:32.434
Do you mind?
I'll show it to everybody.

00:22:36.834 --> 00:22:39.868
-I didn't have the number,

00:22:39.868 --> 00:22:44.234
so they didn't let me
go through to that train.

00:22:44.234 --> 00:22:49.033
The whole train was punished,

00:22:49.033 --> 00:22:53.834
and only maybe couple people...

00:22:53.834 --> 00:22:57.834
I didn't want to name them,
really,

00:22:57.834 --> 00:23:01.801
but now I can do it
because I'm in the museum

00:23:01.801 --> 00:23:06.601
and there are, I mean,
certificates and everything

00:23:06.601 --> 00:23:09.968
of what happened to those,

00:23:09.968 --> 00:23:14.267
that they really escaped
like me.

00:23:14.267 --> 00:23:17.767
And they didn't let me
go to the train,

00:23:17.767 --> 00:23:21.367
and I stayed in Terezín.

00:23:21.367 --> 00:23:24.000
-So did you not have
a chance,
then,

00:23:24.000 --> 00:23:25.400
to see your uncle?
-No, never.

00:23:25.400 --> 00:23:29.334
-You didn't quite get that,
yeah, close.

00:23:29.334 --> 00:23:32.400
-There's some students
from New Jersey, Pequannock.

00:23:32.400 --> 00:23:35.334
I might be mispronouncing
your town, and I apologize,

00:23:35.334 --> 00:23:37.467
but they want to know,

00:23:37.467 --> 00:23:39.868
"Who were your friends
in Terezín,

00:23:39.868 --> 00:23:43.267
and who was your best friend?"
they wanted to know.

00:23:43.267 --> 00:23:47.234
And it's hard to say
one best friend, but, so...

00:23:47.234 --> 00:23:50.734
-You know, we were really...

00:23:50.734 --> 00:23:55.367
Children always were
supporting each other.

00:23:55.367 --> 00:24:01.400
And should I say the story
about my friend Gonda

00:24:01.400 --> 00:24:04.267
that I will show the book of?

00:24:04.267 --> 00:24:05.901
It's not real book, you know?

00:24:05.901 --> 00:24:07.334
-Mm-hmm.
-It's, like,

00:24:07.334 --> 00:24:10.601
what she wrote before
she was sent away.

00:24:10.601 --> 00:24:12.901
-Mm-hmm, you can show.
-So, I didn't...

00:24:12.901 --> 00:24:17.634
I have it here in the museum
because it is some...

00:24:17.634 --> 00:24:20.200
It's a story
that nobody believed

00:24:20.200 --> 00:24:24.601
that I would be able
to do something like that.

00:24:24.601 --> 00:24:30.501
When it was their last day,
that all my friends were already

00:24:30.501 --> 00:24:36.100
put into the transport
to go to their death,

00:24:36.100 --> 00:24:41.167
I looked around.
That moment

00:24:41.167 --> 00:24:46.601
that this was probably
the hardest moment in my life,

00:24:46.601 --> 00:24:49.901
that I had to say goodbye.

00:24:49.901 --> 00:24:54.767
And there is also a document...

00:24:54.767 --> 00:25:00.901
I was asked by
"60 Minutes" program

00:25:00.901 --> 00:25:05.067
to describe my last goodbye.

00:25:05.067 --> 00:25:13.701
And this is very well,
now, shown

00:25:13.701 --> 00:25:15.667
on television and so on.

00:25:15.667 --> 00:25:19.567
But I couldn't believe

00:25:19.567 --> 00:25:25.934
that I will not see again
in my life my best friends,

00:25:25.934 --> 00:25:29.767
that maybe one of them
would survive

00:25:29.767 --> 00:25:33.067
and tell me of that day

00:25:33.067 --> 00:25:36.767
that we had to say goodbye
to each other.

00:25:36.767 --> 00:25:41.601
And I was the last one
to leave that room.

00:25:41.601 --> 00:25:49.801
And I found on a bunk bed
one of my best friends' art.

00:25:49.801 --> 00:25:51.734
It's not a diary,

00:25:51.734 --> 00:25:57.067
but she called it,
in a different language --

00:25:57.067 --> 00:26:02.701
it's also in Czech language --
everything,

00:26:02.701 --> 00:26:07.567
because she didn't have
opportunity

00:26:07.567 --> 00:26:09.834
to write a real diary,

00:26:09.834 --> 00:26:13.167
so everything what
she wanted to put down,

00:26:13.167 --> 00:26:17.567
because she did write
beautiful poems.

00:26:17.567 --> 00:26:20.434
Everything was in this book,

00:26:20.434 --> 00:26:23.434
and I never looked
into that book,

00:26:23.434 --> 00:26:29.901
because there was secrets
about, also, the last notes

00:26:29.901 --> 00:26:33.334
from her father
that didn't survive.

00:26:33.334 --> 00:26:36.634
So I took this book.

00:26:36.634 --> 00:26:40.834
I never opened it, really.

00:26:40.834 --> 00:26:44.801
But my belief was
that she must survive,

00:26:44.801 --> 00:26:47.868
that I be able
to give her back something

00:26:47.868 --> 00:26:52.234
that was so deeply, you know...

00:26:52.234 --> 00:26:55.534
-Her everything, right?
-Everything.

00:26:55.534 --> 00:27:01.968
-Yeah.
-And, uh, I was hoping, also,

00:27:01.968 --> 00:27:05.033
that there will be
no more transport.

00:27:05.033 --> 00:27:08.601
It was by not mistake,

00:27:08.601 --> 00:27:13.434
but the Red Cross
from Switzerland

00:27:13.434 --> 00:27:17.033
worked with the Nazis.

00:27:17.033 --> 00:27:21.234
And after 8 months,

00:27:21.234 --> 00:27:26.801
there were some people
coming back to the camp.

00:27:28.367 --> 00:27:33.767
It was called
the death marches of...

00:27:33.767 --> 00:27:36.601
Now they call it
a March of Living,

00:27:36.601 --> 00:27:43.000
but that time, those were
really people that survived,

00:27:43.000 --> 00:27:46.701
and the death marches came back.

00:27:46.701 --> 00:27:50.534
All of a sudden,
I see my friend Gonda.

00:27:52.701 --> 00:27:55.834
And for me, it was a miracle

00:27:55.834 --> 00:27:59.767
that I be able to give her back
her everything --

00:27:59.767 --> 00:28:03.534
"vsechno," she called it.

00:28:03.534 --> 00:28:08.067
So next day, I went to look
if I can find them.

00:28:08.067 --> 00:28:11.901
They were very, very sick
with typhus,

00:28:11.901 --> 00:28:17.300
and they were shaven.

00:28:17.300 --> 00:28:25.400
And only a very small group
of children from the 15,000,

00:28:25.400 --> 00:28:28.367
about 100 of us,

00:28:28.367 --> 00:28:32.801
we were able to still,
to be a little bit,

00:28:32.801 --> 00:28:38.968
you know, like,
showing life of us in the camp.

00:28:38.968 --> 00:28:47.767
And between the death march,
I found my friend, Gonda.

00:28:47.767 --> 00:28:49.734
And the next day,

00:28:49.734 --> 00:28:55.100
I brought her her vsechno,
her everything, with me.

00:28:55.100 --> 00:28:57.567
And I only told her,

00:28:57.567 --> 00:29:01.133
"Gonda, I really have
something for you."

00:29:01.133 --> 00:29:05.200
She was looking at me like,
"Something?

00:29:05.200 --> 00:29:07.300
What can be something?"
You know?

00:29:07.300 --> 00:29:10.467
Because we were calling
a lot of things "something."

00:29:10.467 --> 00:29:12.000
-[ Chuckles ]

00:29:12.000 --> 00:29:19.033
-And I took out her vsechno,
her little book.

00:29:19.033 --> 00:29:24.133
She almost collapsed
that she never believed

00:29:24.133 --> 00:29:31.300
that I would be the one
to save her everything.

00:29:32.634 --> 00:29:39.601
And she lives still in Israel.

00:29:41.334 --> 00:29:47.634
And she speaks about
my saving her everything.

00:29:47.634 --> 00:29:49.934
-[ Chuckles ]

00:29:49.934 --> 00:29:53.067
-And I have to say,

00:29:53.067 --> 00:29:57.968
that this didn't happen
to too many people,

00:29:57.968 --> 00:30:01.634
but I'm one of the, uh...

00:30:01.634 --> 00:30:05.601
My thing is a little different,
probably, than other people,

00:30:05.601 --> 00:30:11.701
and I thought that this will
also save her life,

00:30:11.701 --> 00:30:15.267
when she will find out, again,

00:30:15.267 --> 00:30:18.501
the letter from her father
that didn't survive

00:30:18.501 --> 00:30:23.868
and our friend
that wrote in this little book.

00:30:23.868 --> 00:30:26.767
-Let's talk about another...

00:30:26.767 --> 00:30:28.767
There's a lot of students
asking about your liberation,

00:30:28.767 --> 00:30:30.434
but before we get to that,

00:30:30.434 --> 00:30:32.667
I do really want to talk
about "Brundibár"

00:30:32.667 --> 00:30:34.701
and something
that maybe brought you all

00:30:34.701 --> 00:30:39.467
at least temporary joy
in performing this.

00:30:39.467 --> 00:30:42.033
And so could you tell them
a little bit of backstory

00:30:42.033 --> 00:30:45.200
about how the play
started in the camp,

00:30:45.200 --> 00:30:47.334
and then, of course, your role?

00:30:49.667 --> 00:30:59.100
-You know, somehow, the Nazis
were not against of people,

00:30:59.100 --> 00:31:03.033
like, I would say, even
Friedl Dicker-Brandeis,

00:31:03.033 --> 00:31:07.434
that she was teaching us
and she was from Bauhaus.

00:31:07.434 --> 00:31:11.601
And she was one of
remarkable people

00:31:11.601 --> 00:31:14.400
that what she did
for us children

00:31:14.400 --> 00:31:18.901
and saved us and our little art.

00:31:18.901 --> 00:31:25.334
They were very much a lot of
musicians in Terezín.

00:31:25.334 --> 00:31:31.701
And I have to say
that I met almost everybody

00:31:31.701 --> 00:31:33.901
because I wasn't working,

00:31:33.901 --> 00:31:39.033
and in between,
I was already singing,

00:31:39.033 --> 00:31:43.801
before I came to Terezín,
in a synagogue.

00:31:43.801 --> 00:31:49.901
And so my voice was already
a little bit, you know,

00:31:49.901 --> 00:31:56.234
that I was able to do the notes
that we were asking for,

00:31:56.234 --> 00:32:01.467
and my room teacher,
or caretaker,

00:32:01.467 --> 00:32:03.968
she was a teacher of music.

00:32:03.968 --> 00:32:07.567
And her best friend
was Gideon Klein,

00:32:07.567 --> 00:32:10.534
the youngest composer.

00:32:10.534 --> 00:32:18.033
And I only can mention that
he was writing for us music,

00:32:18.033 --> 00:32:21.467
and the words were in Hebrew.

00:32:21.467 --> 00:32:25.067
At that time, we didn't
understand what we are singing,

00:32:25.067 --> 00:32:28.801
but the music was beautiful.

00:32:28.801 --> 00:32:37.701
There happened that somebody
who was son of a Jewish -

00:32:37.701 --> 00:32:40.901
in a Jewish orphanage
of Prague,

00:32:40.901 --> 00:32:44.567
and he came,
and there was only 50 kilo

00:32:44.567 --> 00:32:49.267
that we were allowed
to bring with us.

00:32:49.267 --> 00:32:55.634
And he put it in the piano score
of the opera "Brundibár"

00:32:55.634 --> 00:33:01.534
that was performed in Prague
in the orphanage only twice.

00:33:01.534 --> 00:33:07.734
But all the children were
already shipped to Terezín.

00:33:07.734 --> 00:33:12.801
So they started to look
if there will be opportunity

00:33:12.801 --> 00:33:18.701
for us to repeat and
to do the opera "Brundibár."

00:33:18.701 --> 00:33:21.033
You want to show that?
-Yeah.

00:33:21.033 --> 00:33:23.567
We can show it,
and also, even we see

00:33:23.567 --> 00:33:26.100
we're performing...
Oh, thank you. [ Chuckles ]

00:33:26.100 --> 00:33:28.200
We're performing,
as I mentioned,

00:33:28.200 --> 00:33:31.868
the opera here at the museum
this weekend, so let's see.

00:33:31.868 --> 00:33:34.434
We've got our biggest VIP here,
of course, Ela.

00:33:34.434 --> 00:33:36.667
[ Chuckles ]
So, and of course,

00:33:36.667 --> 00:33:39.901
we can talk about,
too, behind us here,

00:33:39.901 --> 00:33:43.501
this is the original...
-Poster.

00:33:43.501 --> 00:33:45.200
-...cover and poster --
right? -- for "Brundibár,"

00:33:45.200 --> 00:33:47.968
but it's in Russian,
here behind us.

00:33:47.968 --> 00:33:50.767
Yeah.
-Yeah, because I was in Russia,

00:33:50.767 --> 00:33:55.100
invited by the government,
in Saint Petersburg,

00:33:55.100 --> 00:34:01.200
and I was part of -- be part
in the opera "Brundibár."

00:34:01.200 --> 00:34:06.734
So they gave me the poster,

00:34:06.734 --> 00:34:09.167
and this is behind us
in Russian.

00:34:09.167 --> 00:34:11.100
-Mm-hmm.
-You want to take it off?

00:34:11.100 --> 00:34:12.701
-We'll probably...

00:34:12.701 --> 00:34:14.501
I don't want to rip it
or anything like that,

00:34:14.501 --> 00:34:16.367
but there's your name
right there.

00:34:16.367 --> 00:34:20.834
So, students
from Hopewell Elementary,

00:34:20.834 --> 00:34:22.667
they're typing in, "Were
your friends in the play?"

00:34:22.667 --> 00:34:24.133
And they also want to know,

00:34:24.133 --> 00:34:27.334
"How did you get chosen
for your part as the cat?"

00:34:27.334 --> 00:34:29.634
And let me show you all there.
They can all see, right there.

00:34:29.634 --> 00:34:33.434
There you are.
-We were about 42 children.

00:34:33.434 --> 00:34:34.801
-Mm-hmm.

00:34:34.801 --> 00:34:40.868
-And some of them
were really, really young.

00:34:40.868 --> 00:34:47.968
But from the 42 children,
we are two survivors.

00:34:47.968 --> 00:34:51.267
And we became very good friends.

00:34:51.267 --> 00:34:55.234
And in the picture,
you can see

00:34:55.234 --> 00:34:59.601
that they let us
to take off the Jewish star.

00:34:59.601 --> 00:35:07.267
And I have to say that this star
was so close to my heart

00:35:07.267 --> 00:35:13.934
that when I took off the star,
I was free.

00:35:13.934 --> 00:35:18.234
I was almost like,
"That's my freedom.

00:35:18.234 --> 00:35:21.434
This will be my freedom.

00:35:21.434 --> 00:35:25.100
When it will be
the end of the war,

00:35:25.100 --> 00:35:30.334
I would be able to walk out
without the star."

00:35:30.334 --> 00:35:33.667
It wasn't like that, exactly,

00:35:33.667 --> 00:35:37.968
because most of my friends
and their friends,

00:35:37.968 --> 00:35:41.067
they didn't survive.

00:35:41.067 --> 00:35:45.868
They were sent to Auschwitz,
and they died,

00:35:45.868 --> 00:35:50.200
even that they were
singing beautifully.

00:35:50.200 --> 00:35:55.501
Now, when
the, you know, piano score

00:35:55.501 --> 00:35:59.801
was smuggled into Terezín,

00:35:59.801 --> 00:36:03.834
very, very fast,
they wanted the children

00:36:03.834 --> 00:36:07.033
be preoccupied and
sing the opera,

00:36:07.033 --> 00:36:09.934
what we did.

00:36:09.934 --> 00:36:13.000
And we became
very close friends.

00:36:13.000 --> 00:36:16.067
And like you heard,

00:36:16.067 --> 00:36:21.834
most of Terezín children
perished.

00:36:21.834 --> 00:36:24.501
They were murdered.

00:36:24.501 --> 00:36:31.367
And I took on myself,
"Why is it that I am alive?

00:36:31.367 --> 00:36:35.968
I still have my Jewish star.

00:36:35.968 --> 00:36:41.400
Maybe somebody was looking
over me to -- to --

00:36:41.400 --> 00:36:43.801
that I am here.

00:36:43.801 --> 00:36:46.634
They saved my life."

00:36:46.634 --> 00:36:48.901
I'm now 85 years old.

00:36:48.901 --> 00:36:50.968
-I got that question,
so I'm glad you answered it.

00:36:50.968 --> 00:36:53.167
Some students were wondering
how old you were,

00:36:53.167 --> 00:36:55.400
and I didn't know if you wanted
to reveal your age.

00:36:55.400 --> 00:36:57.234
[ Chuckles ]
-Yeah.

00:36:57.234 --> 00:37:00.868
You know, the years
pass very fast.

00:37:00.868 --> 00:37:02.567
-[ Chuckles ]

00:37:02.567 --> 00:37:06.033
-But I made up my mind

00:37:06.033 --> 00:37:10.701
that I will never, ever forget
those children

00:37:10.701 --> 00:37:15.868
that didn't have the same
opportunity to be 85.

00:37:15.868 --> 00:37:21.200
It's a, you know, age
that, normally, I always --

00:37:21.200 --> 00:37:24.968
I never thought that
I will reach that age.

00:37:24.968 --> 00:37:31.501
But I made up my mind
to fight for children,

00:37:31.501 --> 00:37:35.300
that there is possibilities,

00:37:35.300 --> 00:37:39.033
when we will have teachers

00:37:39.033 --> 00:37:44.300
and, like, museum
that I'm now sitting in,

00:37:44.300 --> 00:37:48.033
that they will help us

00:37:48.033 --> 00:37:52.100
produce those beautiful songs
from the opera

00:37:52.100 --> 00:37:58.033
that is now performed
in the whole world.

00:37:58.033 --> 00:38:02.868
So I'm not going through
the world alone.

00:38:02.868 --> 00:38:06.601
I have my daughter with me.

00:38:06.601 --> 00:38:13.934
But we were in Russia,
invited by the government,

00:38:13.934 --> 00:38:18.334
and "Brundibár"
was very popular, so we...

00:38:18.334 --> 00:38:20.434
-So, have a great performance,

00:38:20.434 --> 00:38:22.467
you know,
in the next few days, too.

00:38:22.467 --> 00:38:26.000
-That will probably be
the same thing

00:38:26.000 --> 00:38:28.501
because now "Brundibár"
is well-known.

00:38:28.501 --> 00:38:29.734
-Right, right, right.
Yeah.

00:38:29.734 --> 00:38:32.267
-And in America,

00:38:32.267 --> 00:38:37.667
everywhere where there is
a little possibility for me

00:38:37.667 --> 00:38:41.467
and my daughter,
in that we can be there,

00:38:41.467 --> 00:38:44.734
I sing the victory song.
-Mm-hmm.

00:38:44.734 --> 00:38:48.634
-But, like, you know,
when I mentioned the Brundibár,

00:38:48.634 --> 00:38:52.434
he was with me 55 times.

00:38:52.434 --> 00:38:56.200
He asked for the role
to be Brundibár.

00:38:56.200 --> 00:38:57.667
-He was a student.
Right. Yeah.

00:38:57.667 --> 00:38:59.534
Let me actually put the pointer
so you can see him.

00:38:59.534 --> 00:39:03.234
And actually, students
were wondering...

00:39:03.234 --> 00:39:05.467
Stacy was asking,
"What is 'Brundibár' about?"

00:39:05.467 --> 00:39:08.934
They want to know what the
actual story is about, so...

00:39:08.934 --> 00:39:17.033
-Brundibár is really
not such a bad guy, normally.

00:39:17.033 --> 00:39:18.300
-[ Chuckles ]

00:39:18.300 --> 00:39:20.934
-It's "bumblebee."

00:39:20.934 --> 00:39:29.567
And Hansel Dreichlinger was,
I think, 2 years older than me.

00:39:29.567 --> 00:39:34.200
But standing next to me
in every performance.

00:39:34.200 --> 00:39:36.868
We were very good friends.

00:39:36.868 --> 00:39:43.767
He asked for the role
because he wanted to be actor,

00:39:43.767 --> 00:39:49.267
and he was really playing,
act as though that the whole...

00:39:49.267 --> 00:39:50.801
-You can tell.

00:39:50.801 --> 00:39:52.701
I mean, he's, like,
you know, in that role.

00:39:52.701 --> 00:39:54.367
-Right.

00:39:54.367 --> 00:39:57.734
-Now, Brundibár, he's
an organ grinder, right?

00:39:57.734 --> 00:39:58.901
That's what the...
-Right.

00:39:58.901 --> 00:40:00.601
-And there are two children --
right? --

00:40:00.601 --> 00:40:02.801
that he's mean to, isn't it?

00:40:02.801 --> 00:40:04.567
So, tell us a little bit
about the plot.

00:40:04.567 --> 00:40:09.667
-The plot was normally
when, you know, read about,

00:40:09.667 --> 00:40:15.100
so the children
were taking his area

00:40:15.100 --> 00:40:21.267
where he was really somebody,
and that he was making money.

00:40:21.267 --> 00:40:22.734
-Mm-hmm.

00:40:22.734 --> 00:40:27.033
-But when in real life,

00:40:27.033 --> 00:40:30.033
he was completely opposite...
-[ Chuckles ]

00:40:30.033 --> 00:40:34.367
-...that, you know...
-He was a good actor, right?

00:40:34.367 --> 00:40:36.133
-Very good actor.
-[ Chuckles ]

00:40:36.133 --> 00:40:39.934
And as the cat,
so your role...

00:40:39.934 --> 00:40:41.467
So, Ela, let's go back
to that picture.

00:40:41.467 --> 00:40:43.100
So, you're the cat.

00:40:43.100 --> 00:40:46.267
And so the cat and the dog
are helping the children?

00:40:46.267 --> 00:40:47.868
Isn't that what...
-No.

00:40:47.868 --> 00:40:50.767
We were three animals.
-Mm-hmm.

00:40:50.767 --> 00:40:55.400
-A dog, a sparrow, and cat.

00:40:55.400 --> 00:41:00.400
And we were, three of us,

00:41:00.400 --> 00:41:07.300
were helping the children
to sing and to be happy.

00:41:07.300 --> 00:41:12.501
And I just want to tell you,
the music is beautiful.

00:41:12.501 --> 00:41:17.934
And the meaning of
the whole opera, you know...

00:41:17.934 --> 00:41:20.634
Maybe you can advise the people

00:41:20.634 --> 00:41:22.901
that they can still
see it on YouTube.

00:41:22.901 --> 00:41:25.100
-Yeah.
So, there's also, you know,

00:41:25.100 --> 00:41:27.067
there's many recordings
of "Brundibár,"

00:41:27.067 --> 00:41:28.267
if you want to hear the music.

00:41:28.267 --> 00:41:29.567
Actually, there were students...

00:41:29.567 --> 00:41:31.000
I don't know if you
feel up to this,

00:41:31.000 --> 00:41:34.033
but one of the students was
asking about the victory song

00:41:34.033 --> 00:41:36.734
and if you could sing
a little bit of it.

00:41:36.734 --> 00:41:38.167
Would you want to?

00:41:38.167 --> 00:41:39.968
Or we could save it for...
They can watch it on YouTube.

00:41:39.968 --> 00:41:41.467
-Yeah. We can.
-Yeah?

00:41:41.467 --> 00:41:44.834
-Okay.
You know, normally...

00:41:44.834 --> 00:41:46.234
-I know, we've got
some accompaniment,

00:41:46.234 --> 00:41:48.400
probably, normally, too,
right, but...

00:41:48.400 --> 00:41:53.767
-Normally, I am invited
by the children, also,

00:41:53.767 --> 00:41:57.567
to sing with them.
-It's the last song, right?

00:41:57.567 --> 00:42:01.968
-The last song
is the victory song.

00:42:01.968 --> 00:42:07.267
And I even don't mind a minute.

00:42:07.267 --> 00:42:12.567
And it makes me so feel happy
about those children

00:42:12.567 --> 00:42:17.834
that they are -- today
can sing the victory song.

00:42:17.834 --> 00:42:24.467
And what makes me so happy
that thousands of children...

00:42:24.467 --> 00:42:28.033
-Have sang that song.
-...are singing this song

00:42:28.033 --> 00:42:32.334
and listening
and trying to sing it.

00:42:32.334 --> 00:42:37.968
And somehow, there were
more people interesting

00:42:37.968 --> 00:42:42.767
that they were and
want to be part of it.

00:42:42.767 --> 00:42:48.033
And there was one
very, very wonderful lady,

00:42:48.033 --> 00:42:52.467
by name Ilse Weber,

00:42:52.467 --> 00:42:56.701
that she smuggled into the camp
a little guitar.

00:42:56.701 --> 00:42:58.200
-Mm-hmm.

00:42:58.200 --> 00:43:03.701
-And she was a writer
of poems and music,

00:43:03.701 --> 00:43:08.701
but she became a nurse
for the children.

00:43:08.701 --> 00:43:14.100
And when I was walking by,
she...

00:43:14.100 --> 00:43:18.968
When it was a beautiful, warm
day like we have here today...

00:43:18.968 --> 00:43:20.501
-Yeah.

00:43:20.501 --> 00:43:25.400
-...she would take the children
out in their bed

00:43:25.400 --> 00:43:30.167
and sing for them.

00:43:30.167 --> 00:43:36.334
And now I found out
who was with her in Auschwitz

00:43:36.334 --> 00:43:41.234
before her death
in the gas chamber.

00:43:41.234 --> 00:43:44.000
She was with the children
of her hospital.

00:43:44.000 --> 00:43:47.701
-Wow.
-And to the death,

00:43:47.701 --> 00:43:52.234
she was playing
and singing for them.

00:43:52.234 --> 00:43:58.200
You see, those people
were something very special.

00:43:58.200 --> 00:44:03.901
And I remember, after the war,

00:44:03.901 --> 00:44:07.734
we were taking one of her poems,

00:44:07.734 --> 00:44:11.968
and it was music for that poem.
-Mm-hmm.

00:44:11.968 --> 00:44:20.067
-And I decided that
my children really lost --

00:44:20.067 --> 00:44:24.200
also now children, too --
a lot of bad things.

00:44:24.200 --> 00:44:29.200
-Mm-hmm.
-And it was alcohol.

00:44:29.200 --> 00:44:35.634
There were drugs and all that,
but friend is a friend.

00:44:35.634 --> 00:44:39.000
And they died like my friends,

00:44:39.000 --> 00:44:40.834
So I decided

00:44:40.834 --> 00:44:47.100
that I will translate this poem
to my children

00:44:47.100 --> 00:44:49.834
that they should
understand what is it,

00:44:49.834 --> 00:44:52.901
a loss of a friend.

00:44:52.901 --> 00:44:55.000
It became, also, very popular

00:44:55.000 --> 00:44:59.534
that after every,
you know, victory song...

00:44:59.534 --> 00:45:03.300
-To read the poem?
-...I said the poem.

00:45:03.300 --> 00:45:06.701
And I will say it again now.

00:45:06.701 --> 00:45:10.467
-Do you have --
It's all committed to memory?

00:45:10.467 --> 00:45:13.701
[ Chuckles ] Would you mind?
-I don't mind.

00:45:13.701 --> 00:45:18.734
-All right.
-And it's called "You and I."

00:45:18.734 --> 00:45:24.000
"And you and I,
and we are friends.

00:45:24.000 --> 00:45:28.067
And you and I,
and we love each other.

00:45:28.067 --> 00:45:31.300
In Terezín we met,

00:45:31.300 --> 00:45:36.000
friends in need, hand in hand.

00:45:36.000 --> 00:45:41.167
And you and I,
friends we still be.

00:45:41.167 --> 00:45:45.234
And you and I
shall never forget."

00:45:45.234 --> 00:45:50.934
So I'm asking you,
who are listening to us,

00:45:50.934 --> 00:45:54.667
if you had such a good friend --

00:45:54.667 --> 00:45:56.701
and I have new friends,

00:45:56.701 --> 00:46:03.000
and I still can say
I never forgot my old friends --

00:46:03.000 --> 00:46:07.167
please remember them.

00:46:07.167 --> 00:46:09.267
There are somewhere with us.

00:46:09.267 --> 00:46:11.400
-They are. Yeah.

00:46:11.400 --> 00:46:16.901
Looking at all the people
you were in "Brundibár" with,

00:46:16.901 --> 00:46:18.100
and they can see it here...

00:46:18.100 --> 00:46:19.868
Now, and you were talking
about your friends

00:46:19.868 --> 00:46:22.434
coming back in
on these death marches

00:46:22.434 --> 00:46:24.834
and leaving on these
transports to Auschwitz,

00:46:24.834 --> 00:46:27.934
but there are also some students
out there wondering --

00:46:27.934 --> 00:46:30.701
in Miss Guthrie's class,
Mr. Parker's class

00:46:30.701 --> 00:46:33.634
and others --
how were you liberated?

00:46:33.634 --> 00:46:38.634
How did that happen,
and what day was it?

00:46:38.634 --> 00:46:43.601
-We were liberated
in Terezín, May 8th, 1945.

00:46:43.601 --> 00:46:46.167
-So, V.E. Day,
which is what we...

00:46:46.167 --> 00:46:48.934
Yeah, Victory in Europe Day,
that is what we consider

00:46:48.934 --> 00:46:51.234
the end of the war,
yeah, in Europe.

00:46:51.234 --> 00:46:55.767
-And by Russian army.
-Mm-hmm.

00:46:55.767 --> 00:47:01.901
-We didn't display,
but I brought from Russia

00:47:01.901 --> 00:47:05.000
the poster of celebration...
-Oh, yeah.

00:47:05.000 --> 00:47:08.968
-...of the Red Army coming
to Prague and Terezín.

00:47:08.968 --> 00:47:10.334
-Wow.

00:47:10.334 --> 00:47:14.267
-This is like life
for me still today.

00:47:14.267 --> 00:47:18.834
I will never forget
that, you know,

00:47:18.834 --> 00:47:24.167
they came in different
type of people,

00:47:24.167 --> 00:47:31.767
but they also want to help us
to come over one day,

00:47:31.767 --> 00:47:36.100
that we had such a hard time
also in Russia.

00:47:36.100 --> 00:47:40.501
They had such a very hard time.
-Mm-hmm, mm-hmm.

00:47:40.501 --> 00:47:43.400
I want to actually turn it
to the students.

00:47:43.400 --> 00:47:46.434
So, we have this ability
to ask them poll questions,

00:47:46.434 --> 00:47:51.367
and I'm actually
going to ask them...

00:47:51.367 --> 00:47:54.868
You were saying
an important thing --

00:47:54.868 --> 00:47:56.334
to remember your friends --

00:47:56.334 --> 00:47:58.968
and also the kind of reenacting
of "Brundibár."

00:47:58.968 --> 00:48:01.267
So I'm going to pull down
a poll question for students,

00:48:01.267 --> 00:48:03.067
and they're going to respond,
and you'll see it.

00:48:03.067 --> 00:48:05.934
My poll question for everybody
out there, I'm asking them,

00:48:05.934 --> 00:48:09.100
"How can we remember those who
were lost in the Holocaust?"

00:48:09.100 --> 00:48:11.167
And just after you sharing
your beautiful poem,

00:48:11.167 --> 00:48:13.534
I thought we would
let students respond.

00:48:13.534 --> 00:48:17.834
So we're going to open it up
and let them respond,

00:48:17.834 --> 00:48:20.434
and then we'll
broadcast the results,

00:48:20.434 --> 00:48:22.667
because, I mean, the reason

00:48:22.667 --> 00:48:25.667
that, I mean, I talk
here at the museum

00:48:25.667 --> 00:48:27.567
and share with students
about the Holocaust,

00:48:27.567 --> 00:48:30.501
and the reason that
you travel so much

00:48:30.501 --> 00:48:31.968
from place to place to place

00:48:31.968 --> 00:48:35.734
is really to share the story
of your friends who you lost --

00:48:35.734 --> 00:48:38.834
right? --
and of "Brundibár," too.

00:48:42.033 --> 00:48:48.133
-I wish that the whole world
should understand

00:48:48.133 --> 00:48:50.834
and help children

00:48:50.834 --> 00:48:56.367
to get out of those bad things
that we hear today.

00:48:56.367 --> 00:48:57.901
-Mm-hmm.

00:48:57.901 --> 00:49:05.200
-Also the deaths of, you know,
friends with guns and all that.

00:49:05.200 --> 00:49:08.033
I'm very sad about it.

00:49:08.033 --> 00:49:13.934
So, you know, many people
in between them, is my sister,

00:49:13.934 --> 00:49:15.968
that she's 4 years older.

00:49:15.968 --> 00:49:20.701
She was never involved with
so many things like I did,

00:49:20.701 --> 00:49:25.267
but she's telling me,
"Isn't that enough

00:49:25.267 --> 00:49:31.167
what you are telling children
what they should do also?"

00:49:31.167 --> 00:49:32.701
-Mm-hmm.
-I said,

00:49:32.701 --> 00:49:37.667
"This is never enough,"
that they should.

00:49:37.667 --> 00:49:43.434
And I appreciate
that your museum

00:49:43.434 --> 00:49:47.968
is a good example
to the whole world.

00:49:47.968 --> 00:49:50.767
What you want to save,

00:49:50.767 --> 00:49:55.367
not in the mad times
that it was war,

00:49:55.367 --> 00:50:02.534
but you are remind people,
General Patton,

00:50:02.534 --> 00:50:07.467
all the generals
that tried so hard

00:50:07.467 --> 00:50:11.567
to keep freedom in the world.

00:50:11.567 --> 00:50:14.534
-So, tell us -- I'm showing
this is actually

00:50:14.534 --> 00:50:16.200
I'm not sure which perform--

00:50:16.200 --> 00:50:17.868
I think --
Was this in Los Angeles,

00:50:17.868 --> 00:50:19.667
the performance
we see here onscreen?

00:50:19.667 --> 00:50:22.801
But tell us about what it really
means to you today

00:50:22.801 --> 00:50:27.234
to see "Brundibár"
be played all across the world.

00:50:27.234 --> 00:50:31.701
I mean, what does -- How do you
feel when you see it onstage?

00:50:31.701 --> 00:50:36.601
-I am very proud and honored
that people

00:50:36.601 --> 00:50:41.701
are even asking me to come
and to participate

00:50:41.701 --> 00:50:45.300
and stay on the stage
with the children

00:50:45.300 --> 00:50:48.701
to sing the victory song,
or my part, you know,

00:50:48.701 --> 00:50:53.267
because my part,
this orange type,

00:50:53.267 --> 00:51:02.901
you know, she really was putting
herself into the part of a cat.

00:51:02.901 --> 00:51:08.734
And she really wanted
to come onstage.

00:51:08.734 --> 00:51:13.334
And the harmony that we sang,
you know,

00:51:13.334 --> 00:51:15.501
the three animals,

00:51:15.501 --> 00:51:18.934
that we will help the children
and all that,

00:51:18.934 --> 00:51:22.234
they took that to the heart.

00:51:22.234 --> 00:51:26.367
And I think that
they are building again,

00:51:26.367 --> 00:51:28.200
you know, something

00:51:28.200 --> 00:51:31.567
that nobody would believe
that it will happen.

00:51:31.567 --> 00:51:35.434
-I'm going to show you, this is
another really lovely...

00:51:35.434 --> 00:51:38.300
I love that picture of you
and that performance, too.

00:51:38.300 --> 00:51:40.033
-And this is...
-Oh, the butterfly.

00:51:40.033 --> 00:51:43.100
Yes. Okay, so, let's actually...

00:51:43.100 --> 00:51:46.300
So, we have all these
students responding

00:51:46.300 --> 00:51:49.300
about how we should
remember the Holocaust.

00:51:49.300 --> 00:51:52.467
"Continue reading about it,
learning from our mistakes,

00:51:52.467 --> 00:51:55.400
listening to stories
of survivors like you."

00:51:55.400 --> 00:51:56.734
One other really great way --

00:51:56.734 --> 00:51:58.434
and I know we're getting
towards the end of the year,

00:51:58.434 --> 00:52:01.000
but it's something called
the Butterfly Project.

00:52:01.000 --> 00:52:02.968
And actually, students
here tomorrow with you

00:52:02.968 --> 00:52:05.701
will be making
these butterflies.

00:52:05.701 --> 00:52:08.501
And so you can actually order
a kit for your classroom,

00:52:08.501 --> 00:52:10.567
and we've paid for
the subscription fee,

00:52:10.567 --> 00:52:13.367
so you just have to pay
for the actual kit itself.

00:52:13.367 --> 00:52:16.868
And so each one of your students
and all you guys out there

00:52:16.868 --> 00:52:18.400
can paint a butterfly.

00:52:18.400 --> 00:52:21.801
And then after,
when it's fired in the kiln,

00:52:21.801 --> 00:52:24.167
and you add glaze on it,
it looks like this.

00:52:24.167 --> 00:52:29.000
So, tell us the significance.
What does the butterfly mean?

00:52:29.000 --> 00:52:31.100
-Freedom.

00:52:31.100 --> 00:52:33.834
"I Never Saw Another Butterfly."

00:52:33.834 --> 00:52:35.200
-Let's show them that, too.

00:52:35.200 --> 00:52:38.400
So you can see here,
that's what this book is called,

00:52:38.400 --> 00:52:40.767
"I Never Saw Another Butterfly."

00:52:40.767 --> 00:52:42.868
And it's from...
-Pavel Friedmann...

00:52:42.868 --> 00:52:47.234
I mean, nobody from
these boys survived.

00:52:47.234 --> 00:52:49.968
There was one girl,
Alena Synková.

00:52:49.968 --> 00:52:51.167
I don't know.

00:52:51.167 --> 00:52:54.267
I didn't go through
because in every,

00:52:54.267 --> 00:52:58.434
you know, new production of it
is little changes.

00:52:58.434 --> 00:53:01.534
But she just passed
two years ago.

00:53:01.534 --> 00:53:05.000
She was the only girl
that she put in her painting.

00:53:05.000 --> 00:53:07.267
-Let's see if I can find the...
-Show the poem.

00:53:07.267 --> 00:53:08.667
-...find the -- Oh, yeah.

00:53:08.667 --> 00:53:12.033
Here is the poem,
so that it's based on it,

00:53:12.033 --> 00:53:14.200
painting one million
butterflies -- right? --

00:53:14.200 --> 00:53:18.133
for every child that was lost
in the Holocaust.

00:53:18.133 --> 00:53:21.400
-I can't -- You know,
I looked at many times,

00:53:21.400 --> 00:53:23.868
that I should read the poem,

00:53:23.868 --> 00:53:28.367
that I have sometimes, you know,

00:53:28.367 --> 00:53:32.534
much closer connection
to the person that's saying.

00:53:32.534 --> 00:53:33.868
-Mm-hmm.

00:53:33.868 --> 00:53:39.400
-So and also because
my boyfriend was

00:53:39.400 --> 00:53:43.968
one of the most talented
children of the...

00:53:43.968 --> 00:53:47.834
-Someone was asking us --
Some of the students were asking

00:53:47.834 --> 00:53:50.434
if you dated anybody
in the camp.

00:53:50.434 --> 00:53:52.133
So yes. [ Chuckles ]
-Yes.

00:53:52.133 --> 00:53:53.300
-So you can tell them
about your...

00:53:53.300 --> 00:53:56.534
-You know, it's a whole story,
you know?

00:53:56.534 --> 00:53:58.567
-And we're close
on the end of time,

00:53:58.567 --> 00:54:01.367
but his poems are actually
featured also in this book,

00:54:01.367 --> 00:54:05.334
in addition to the one
about the butterfly, so...

00:54:05.334 --> 00:54:09.133
-"The last, the very last,

00:54:09.133 --> 00:54:13.934
so richly, brightly,
dazzling yellow.

00:54:13.934 --> 00:54:21.534
Perhaps if the sun's tears would
sing against a white stone,

00:54:21.534 --> 00:54:29.434
such, such a yellow is carried
highly away, up high.

00:54:29.434 --> 00:54:32.267
It went away, I am sure,

00:54:32.267 --> 00:54:37.701
because it wished to kiss
the world goodbye.

00:54:37.701 --> 00:54:41.367
For seven weeks,
I lived in here,

00:54:41.367 --> 00:54:45.167
pent up inside the ghetto,

00:54:45.167 --> 00:54:50.901
but I have found
what I love most here.

00:54:50.901 --> 00:54:54.434
The dandelions call to me,

00:54:54.434 --> 00:54:59.067
and the white chestnut
branches in the court.

00:54:59.067 --> 00:55:04.133
Only, I never saw
another butterfly.

00:55:04.133 --> 00:55:08.467
That butterfly was the last one.

00:55:08.467 --> 00:55:13.467
Butterflies don't live in here,
in the ghetto."

00:55:13.467 --> 00:55:15.200
-And I think, with that,
I think that's...

00:55:15.200 --> 00:55:16.801
We're right here at 1:00.

00:55:16.801 --> 00:55:20.567
I think, actually, that's the
perfect way to end this program.

00:55:20.567 --> 00:55:23.934
I want to thank everybody
for being with us today,

00:55:23.934 --> 00:55:26.601
and I'm going to kind of
transition into one more area,

00:55:26.601 --> 00:55:28.634
so Ela and I,
you won't see us anymore,

00:55:28.634 --> 00:55:31.234
so wave bye to everybody.
[ Chuckles ]

00:55:31.234 --> 00:55:34.767
-Oh.
-And yes, thank you.

00:55:34.767 --> 00:55:40.033
And any final words for any of
the students out here?

00:55:40.033 --> 00:55:46.000
-You know, everything what
you want to be in your life,

00:55:46.000 --> 00:55:53.133
listen to your heart
and follow your heart.

00:55:53.133 --> 00:55:57.133
Don't let nobody discourage you.

00:55:57.133 --> 00:56:01.667
It will pay back one day.

00:56:01.667 --> 00:56:04.968
Be good to each other,
and especially,

00:56:04.968 --> 00:56:08.701
I always say to mothers,
there is only one mother

00:56:08.701 --> 00:56:13.367
that I made something
for Mother's Day for her.

00:56:13.367 --> 00:56:21.133
And it's the only original thing
that she was able to keep.

00:56:21.133 --> 00:56:24.601
And she used to tell me,
until her death,

00:56:24.601 --> 00:56:32.501
"Elanka, this was the best-ever
present for Mother's Day.

00:56:32.501 --> 00:56:35.133
Please keep it.
Don't give it to them."

00:56:35.133 --> 00:56:38.000
-[ Chuckles ] Yeah.
Hang on to it.

00:56:38.000 --> 00:56:40.767
-And that's what I --
hang on to it.

00:56:40.767 --> 00:56:44.601
I have it with me,
but I will not give it.

00:56:44.601 --> 00:56:48.968
-I understand that, yeah.
That's a very beautiful memory.

00:56:48.968 --> 00:56:51.701
And so, with that,

00:56:51.701 --> 00:56:53.300
I'm going to kind of
turn this over

00:56:53.300 --> 00:56:56.701
to one last little area
I want to share with students.

00:56:56.701 --> 00:57:00.200
Well, first, I have
one more poll question

00:57:00.200 --> 00:57:03.133
for students out there,
and you'll see that up here.

00:57:03.133 --> 00:57:05.567
And so we talked about how can
we remember the Holocaust,

00:57:05.567 --> 00:57:07.534
but I want to hear
from you all why.

00:57:07.534 --> 00:57:09.300
Why should we remember
the Holocaust?

00:57:09.300 --> 00:57:10.801
And please fill
in your answers there,

00:57:10.801 --> 00:57:14.300
and we'll broadcast the results.
Teachers, you can see...

00:57:14.300 --> 00:57:16.534
You can actually --
I'm going to pause it here.

00:57:16.534 --> 00:57:19.067
You can purchase both books
that we mentioned today

00:57:19.067 --> 00:57:21.200
from the museum store,

00:57:21.200 --> 00:57:24.767
both Ela's book and
"I Never Saw Another Butterfly."

00:57:24.767 --> 00:57:28.133
You also get a discount from us
if you use that code, "webinar."

00:57:28.133 --> 00:57:30.901
20% off, which
you can see right there.

00:57:30.901 --> 00:57:34.100
The links, in addition to being
on this rolling slide show,

00:57:34.100 --> 00:57:35.634
you'll see on
the left-hand side,

00:57:35.634 --> 00:57:39.234
where it says "Web links,"

00:57:39.234 --> 00:57:41.200
the Butterfly Project,
as we mentioned.

00:57:41.200 --> 00:57:44.234
Here are more details
about the project itself.

00:57:44.234 --> 00:57:46.334
So, as I said,
we purchased the licensing,

00:57:46.334 --> 00:57:48.534
so you just purchase the kit.

00:57:48.534 --> 00:57:51.634
That will be sent to you
with the butterflies

00:57:51.634 --> 00:57:55.100
and, of course, the paint
that you'll put on it.

00:57:55.100 --> 00:57:58.067
And it's a really beautiful
way to commemorate

00:57:58.067 --> 00:58:00.100
what we've been
talking about today.

00:58:00.100 --> 00:58:01.634
And then,
as I mentioned earlier,

00:58:01.634 --> 00:58:03.968
if there is anybody here
in the New Orleans area,

00:58:03.968 --> 00:58:07.467
here is the performance
schedule for "Brundibár,"

00:58:07.467 --> 00:58:08.934
and we hope you can join us.

00:58:08.934 --> 00:58:12.300
And it's meant
for people of all ages.

00:58:12.300 --> 00:58:14.200
And of course,
children and students

00:58:14.200 --> 00:58:18.667
are most welcome to attend
our sessions today --

00:58:18.667 --> 00:58:20.234
this weekend -- excuse me.

00:58:20.234 --> 00:58:24.400
And I guess, finally,
I'll say that we've had

00:58:24.400 --> 00:58:26.767
a wonderful schedule
of student webinars this year,

00:58:26.767 --> 00:58:29.300
and this is our last one
for the school year.

00:58:29.300 --> 00:58:32.267
And so I just want to say
thank you all so much

00:58:32.267 --> 00:58:34.367
for participating
in these programs.

00:58:34.367 --> 00:58:36.300
We've launched
multiple programs.

00:58:36.300 --> 00:58:39.167
We love connecting with students
all across the country

00:58:39.167 --> 00:58:41.267
and even all across the world.

00:58:41.267 --> 00:58:43.300
And we'll have...